Combat Search and Rescue in Highly Contested Environments Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief (2018) / Chapter Skim
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Combat Search and Rescue in Highly Contested Environments: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
Combat Search and Rescue in Highly Contested Environments: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
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was convened and examined the nature and consequences of the threat to the CSAR and PR mission, the current PR force structure, equipment and training for the IP, and technologies that might increase the survival of the IP moving into the 2030 timeframe. THE NATURE OF THE THREAT ENVIRONMENT During the first day of the workshop, several presentations were provided that detailed specific challenges associated with conducting CSAR/PR missions in highly contested environments.
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Several participants noted during the poration on a recent RAND study regarding IP workshop that although traditional CSAR/PR survivability in highly contested environments, forces remain viable in more permissive en Rescuing Downed Aircrews: The Value of Time.1 vironments, highly contested environments He described that the key results from his study are increasingly rendering the CSAR/PR force of downed aircrew recovery/survival rates marginalized. This line of thought raised the revealed that if the IP cannot be recovered in notion that USAF may ultimately need to con the first 2 hours or so, the recovery probability sider uniquely tailored equipment for highly drops to about 25 percent, but the probability contested operating environments.
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ments. The sentiment among the participants However, some localized control may be escan best be described as a series of tiered threat tablished for a limited duration -- although at environments: least one participant noted that the threat level presented by these adversaries will become Tier 1 - The highest threat environments, more challenging as 2030 approaches.
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Regardless of the range of treatment among adversaries, many A workshop participant commented that workshop participants noted that the IP would this inverse relationship might describe how at least be kept alive in the case of near-peer resources might be allocated to effectively and mid-range adversaries (Tier 1 and Tier 2 develop the CSAR/PR capability for contested environments)
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ment. Some participants noted the analogy to World War II, during which CSAR was effec- ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT tively nonexistent outside very specific circum- FOR THE CSAR MISSION stances, and a soldier and his family would While CSAR is a core function of the USAF, a need to mentally prepare for "bad situations." workshop participant that was currently active One participant pointed out that the social duty USAF noted that most of the CSAR operacontract exists primarily between the aircrew tions in recent memory were not performed and commander and that a broader view that by the USAF but by the other services, Special incorporates the families of the aircrew might Operations Forces (SOF)
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During this discussion, another to those assignments, but it was noted that at participant noted that it wasn't just the lack least NATO AIRCOM has a dedicated PR lead of a POR but that the entire USAF acquisition position.5 Nevertheless, some participants policy process often slowed down new technoted a number of allies maintain unique and nology adoption so much that the technology specialized Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape is obsolete by the time it is eventually acquired. TRAINING AND EQUIPPING THE IP 3 While USSOCOM has a well-developed PR capability, a participant noted that there has been a tendency The workshop included several presentations over the past few years to treat SOF as the "easy but- on training, present equipment, and future ton" and USSOCOM leadership is beginning to push technologies with potential applications toward back as resources are increasing taxed.
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which an individual focuses all their attention The need to train command personnel on how on a simple rhythmic act such as breathing. to handle social media, public messaging, mo- One Air Force officer attending the workshop rale, family support, and IP reintegration were expressed support for this research and pointed all identified as shortfalls in the current range out that similar mindful meditation training is of SERE training.
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sions focused both on current kits and survival gear (and their challenges and limitations) and FUTURE TECHNOLOGY OPPORTUquickly evolved to a discussion of potential fu- NITIES TO TRAIN, SUPPORT, AND ture enhancements to IP equipment that would SUSTAIN THE IP be necessary to enable long-term survival of During the workshop, a number of specific the IP in highly contested environments.
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Immediately, a distress signal with a low-probability-of-intercept went out the moment the ejection seat was clear. Back in the Combined Air Operations Center (CAOC)
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Additionally, both AFRL speak- signature management, and even smart flight ers and other participants noted that LVC-aug- suits were presented and discussed. An AFRL mented training could also provide quantifiable participant presented a concept for a Human information for measuring the effectiveness of Signature Management system (part of a larger training and help to focus subsequent continu- program titled "Battlefield Air Targeting Manation training.
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Other potentially applica- vival equipment and SERE training to operate ble technologies included a steerable parachute in highly contested environments and to the for ejections, the potential for low-weight but development of technology required to sustain highly nutritious food rations, and advanced and support the IP over significant periods of water filtration methods -- even the potential to time. The key to understanding this emerging extract water from humidity in the air.
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STAFF: Joan Fuller, Director, Air Force Studies Board; John Montgomery, Scholar; Steven Darbes, Research Associate; George Coyle, Senior Program Officer; Marguerite Schneider, Administrative Coordinator SPONSORS: This workshop was supported by the Air Force Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Science, Technology, and Engineering (AF/AQR) and Air Combat Command (ACC)
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