The National Academies Press

Currently Skimming:

Pages 131-178

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.

From page 131... ... 131 User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 Spreadsheet Tool 1 is a spreadsheet-based benefit–cost analysis tool that can be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of specific improvement alternatives for implementation in conjunction with a resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) project. Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... 132 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects project is not entirely homogeneous. Read the entire page →
From page 133... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 133 • Roadside slope flattening (two-lane and four-lane nonfreeways only) , • Centerline rumble strips (undivided highways only) Read the entire page →
From page 134... ... 134 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects A1 Rural Two-lane Highways This section presents the application of Tool 1 to candidate 3R projects on rural two-lane highways. Read the entire page →
From page 135... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 135 • Pavement Depth: Depth in inches of flexible pavement for traveled way and shoulder. This applies only to flexible pavement. Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... 136 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Figure A-3. Read the entire page →
From page 137... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 137 • MARR/discount rate: Minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) for analysis of 3R project investments. Read the entire page →
From page 138... ... 138 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Figure A-5. Read the entire page →
From page 139... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 139 A1.2 Data Entry After the setup defaults have been either retained or modified, as the user wishes, the tool is ready to perform benefit–cost analyses for rural two-lane highways. Proceed to the R2U_Project worksheet. Read the entire page →
From page 140... ... 140 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects The following two figures show the data entry for average curve data (Figure A-9) Read the entire page →
From page 141... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 141 • Radius: Enter the radius of the horizontal curve in feet. • Spiral: Select Yes from the embedded drop-down menu if spiral curves are present. Read the entire page →
From page 142... ... 142 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects A1.2.4 Crash History Option The user can choose to use the existing site-specific crash history of the roadway section to assist in calculating potential crash savings with the 3R project. Read the entire page →
From page 143... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 143 Each potential improvement alternative that can be selected is described below in more detail. • Lane Width: If the Lane Width box has been checked, select the width to which the through travel lanes will be widened from the choices offered on the drop-down menu in the User Selection column. Read the entire page →
From page 144... ... 144 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects In this case, the cost of installing the rumble strip after repaving will automatically be added to the project cost of the 3R project. Read the entire page →
From page 145... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 145 • Number of New Passing Lanes in Roadway Section: Enter the number of passing lanes that will be added to the roadway section. Passing lanes in each direction of travel are counted separately. Read the entire page →
From page 146... ... 146 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects calculated by the tool is based on default or user-supplied values for the unit costs shown in Figure A-3 and the incidental cost percentages shown in Figure A-4. Read the entire page →
From page 147... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 147 A2 Rural Four-Lane Highways This section presents the application of Tool 1 to candidate 3R projects on rural four-lane undivided and divided highways. The guidance addresses setup defaults (which can be either accepted unchanged or modified by the user) Read the entire page →
From page 148... ... 148 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Figure A-19. Read the entire page →
From page 149... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 149 • Rigid Pavement Unit Cost: Material and installation cost of rigid pavement per square yard. • Unpaved Shoulder Unit Cost: Material and installation cost of unpaved shoulder per square yard. Read the entire page →
From page 150... ... 150 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects – Rumble Strip Installation: Service life of centerline and shoulder rumble strips. Read the entire page →
From page 151... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 151 Figure A-23. User-specified SPFs for rural four-lane highways. Read the entire page →
From page 152... ... 152 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects • Crash Type Proportion: This is the percentage of all crashes for each crash type shown. Read the entire page →
From page 153... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 153 Use the R4UD_Project worksheet to enter all existing roadway attributes and select roadway improvements to consider in the benefit–cost analysis. The following sections step through each data entry form in the R4UD_Project worksheet. Read the entire page →
From page 154... ... 154 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects • Radius: Enter the radius of the horizontal curve in feet. Read the entire page →
From page 155... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 155 • Centerline Rumble Strip: Select Yes from the drop-down menu if centerline rumble strips exist on the roadway section. Otherwise, select No. Read the entire page →
From page 156... ... 156 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Each potential improvement alternative is described in more detail below. Read the entire page →
From page 157... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 157 • Enhanced Striping/Delineation: If the Enhanced Striping/Delineation box has been checked, installation of durable pavement markings will be considered for both centerline and edge striping. The data entry form shown in the screenshot in Figure A-32 will appear if this option is selected. Read the entire page →
From page 158... ... 158 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects The Results summary presents the following information: • PV Modified Total Cost: The implementation cost is estimated on the basis of typical or average conditions for a location without unusual project- or site-specific features that could affect the implementation cost. Read the entire page →
From page 159... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 159 A3 Rural and Urban Freeways This section presents the application of Tool 1 to candidate 3R projects on rural and urban freeways. These procedures can be applied to rural freeways with four, six, and eight through lanes and to urban freeways with four, six, eight, and 10 through lanes. Read the entire page →
From page 160... ... 160 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects • Existing Base Depth: Depth in inches of base material underneath the traveled way and shoulder. Read the entire page →
From page 161... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 161 Figure A-37. Data entry form for cost element defaults for freeways, Part 2 of 5. Read the entire page →
From page 162... ... Figure A-39. Data entry form for cost element defaults for freeways, Part 4 of 5. Read the entire page →
From page 163... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 163 • Incidentals: Each incidental cost is calculated as a percentage of the project total cost, not including the right-of-way cost for each freeway type. – Signing and PM: Signing and pavement markings. Read the entire page →
From page 164... ... 164 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Use the FWY_Project worksheet to enter all existing roadway attributes and select roadway improvements to consider in the benefit–cost analysis. Read the entire page →
From page 165... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 165 • Number of Curves on Section: Enter the number of horizontal curves on the roadway section for both roadways of the freeway. For example, if a freeway section has two horizontal curves in each direction of travel, then enter "4" in this cell. Read the entire page →
From page 166... ... 166 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects • Outside Shoulder Width: Select the existing outside shoulder width in feet from the dropdown menu. Read the entire page →
From page 167... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 167 A3.2.4 Median Barriers If Continuous, Centered; Continuous, Offset; or Discontinuous was selected from the Median Barrier drop-down menu in the Existing Cross Section data entry form (see Figure A-46) , a Median Barrier data entry form will appear (see Figure A-47) Read the entire page →
From page 168... ... 168 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects A3.2.6 Crash History Option The user can choose to use the existing site-specific crash history of the roadway section to assist in calculating potential crash savings with the 3R project. Read the entire page →
From page 169... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 169 Each alternative is described in more detail below. • Lane Width: If the Lane Width box has been checked, select the width to which the through travel lanes should be widened from the choices offered on the drop-down menu in the User Selection column. Read the entire page →
From page 170... ... 170 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects menu in the User Selection column. Read the entire page →
From page 171... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 171 • Cont. Read the entire page →
From page 172... ... 172 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects If outside barriers currently exist on the freeway section and the outside barrier improvement/ modification checkbox is selected in Figure A-53, the user has the opportunity to make modifications to the existing outside barrier lengths. Read the entire page →
From page 173... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 173 The Results summary presents the following information: • PV Modified Total Cost: The implementation cost is estimated on the basis of typical or average conditions for a location without unusual project- or site-specific features that could affect the implementation cost. For example, the cost of superelevation restoration may vary from typical values according to whether adjustments to shoulders or embankments are needed. Read the entire page →
From page 174... ... 174 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects A3.6 View Calculations The user may access the FWY_Calculations worksheet to review all of the intermediate values calculations in assessing the benefits and costs of the project. Read the entire page →
From page 175... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 175 The values of RE and ΔE need to be specified by the user. The value of LE can be computed as follows: = × ∆ × π 180 (1) Read the entire page →
From page 176... ... 176 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects where L = length of road to be rebuilt (ft) Read the entire page →
From page 177... ... User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 177 • Avg Unpaved Shoulder Width: Select the existing average unpaved shoulder width in feet from the drop-down menu. If both a nonzero paved shoulder width and a nonzero unpaved shoulder width are specified, the unpaved shoulder is located outside the paved shoulder. Read the entire page →
From page 178... ... 178 Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects • Benefit–Cost Ratio: The benefit–cost ratio is the ratio of the present value of safety benefit divided by the present value of the modified total cost. Read the entire page →

From page 131...

... 131 User's Guide for Spreadsheet Tool 1 Spreadsheet Tool 1 is a spreadsheet-based benefit–cost analysis tool that can be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of specific improvement alternatives for implementation in conjunction with a resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) project.