Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios (2020) / Chapter Skim
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157 A pre-exponential factor Ai area of crack initiation Ap area of crack propagation Av area of viscous behavior Avgt–crit area under the thermal stress–strain plot between the viscous–glassy transition temperature and the required environmental temperature at a given location Avgt–F area under the thermal stress–strain plot between the viscous–glassy transition temperature and the fracture temperature of the restrained UTSST specimen AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AMPT asphalt mixture performance tester ANOVA analysis of variance APA asphalt pavement analyzer ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials AV air void BAF binder availability factor BaseBR base binder ratio BBR bending beam rheometer BBRm BBR for mixtures BYET bitumen yield energy test C pseudo stiffness CA carbonyl area CAg carbonyl area growth CA0 original or tank CA measurement CAtank carbonyl area tank condition CDD cumulative degree day CI coatability index CII colloidal stability index CRI cracking resistance index CRIENV UTSST cracking resistance index including the environmental adjustment factor DR average reduction in pseudo stiffness up to failure DCC damage characteristic curve DE Delaware DOB degree of blending DOT department of transportation DSR dynamic shear rheometer Ea activation energy EBM energy-based mechanistic Abbreviations and Symbols
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From page 158... ...
158 Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios |E* | dynamic complex modulus FHWA Federal Highway Administration FI flexibility index ELS evaporative light scattering FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared |G*
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From page 159... ...
Abbreviations 159 PGH high-temperature PG PGI intermediate-temperature PG PGL low-temperature PG rCag rate of CAg R ideal gas constant RAP reclaimed asphalt pavement RAPBR RAP binder ratio RAS recycled asphalt shingles RASBR RAS binder ratio RBR recycled binder ratio RDT repeated uniaxial direct tension RE rejuvenating effectiveness REOB recycled engine oil bottom RI rheological indices RPMLC reheated plant mix laboratory compacted RTFO rolling thin film oven SAR-AD saturates, aromatics, resins–asphaltene determinator SCB semicircular bending SHRP Strategic Highway Research Program SSD saturated surface dry STOA short-term oven aging S-VECD simplified viscoelastic continuum damage t time, days T temperature Tδ = 45° crossover temperature Tg glass transition temperature TEMPS Temperature Estimate Model for Pavement Structure TOAS tear-off asphalt shingles TPA total pericondensed aromatics TSR tensile strength ratio TSRST thermal stress restrained specimen test TX Texas TxDOT Texas Department of Transportation U load-line displacement UTI useful temperature interval UTSST uniaxial thermal stress and strain test Wf work of fracture WI Wisconsin WMA warm-mix asphalt α reaction order with respect to oxidation pressure δ binder phase angle sf thermal stress at fracture svgt thermal stress at viscous–glassy transition φ mixture phase angle ωc crossover frequency
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