Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios (2020) / Chapter Skim
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H-1 A P P E N D I X H Economics Associated with the Use of Recycling Agents H.1 INTRODUCTION The amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) annually available in the United States is of the order of 80 million tons.
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H-2 Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios H.3 ASPHALT MATERIAL PRICES Virgin Binder The typical price of virgin binder without polymer modification is about $350/ton at the refinery as of September 2016. Over the last decade, these prices have ranged from about $300 to $1200/ton.
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Economics Associated with the Use of Recycling Agents H-3 H.5 RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT (RAP) The cost of RAP in a processed stockpile at the contractor HMA plant also varies significantly.
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H-4 Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios Available Binder in RAP The amount of binder available in the RAP is dependent on a number of factors. Typical ranges for available binder in RAP used by industry are between 4.0 and 4.75% by weight of RAP.
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Economics Associated with the Use of Recycling Agents H-5 Low Economic Incentive Scenario For this scenario, the virgin binder and aggregate prices are relatively low and the recycling agent and RAP costs are relatively high with the amount of binder from the RAP at a relatively low level. The assumptions are provided below: Virgin Binder $400/ton Recycling Agent $700/ton Virgin Aggregate $12/ton RAP $8/ton Binder in RAP 4 % Table H.2 indicates that cost savings are of the order of $0.16 to $0.20 per percent RAP for the various RAP percentages used in the mix.
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H-6 Evaluating the Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios agent and RAP costs are relatively low. This supports the observed interest in recycling when virgin materials costs and in particular binder costs are high.
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Economics Associated with the Use of Recycling Agents H-7 Table H.4: Sensitivity Associated with Costs for Individual Mix Materials. Variable Cost Range, $/ton Cost of Materials, $/ton Cost Difference 20 % RAP 40 % RAP $/ton of HMA $/percent RAP Virgin Binder 400 29.67 26.99 2.68 0.134 800 48.03 40.39 7.64 0.382 Recycling Agent 500 29.45 25.89 3.56 0.178 700 29.67 26.99 2.68 0.134 Virgin Aggregate 12 29.67 26.99 2.68 0.134 15 31.91 28.63 3.28 0.164 RAP 5 29.07 25.79 3.28 0.164 8 29.67 26.99 2.68 0.134 Available binder in RAP, % 4.0 29.67 26.99 2.68 0.134 4.75 29.07 25.79 3.28 0.164 H.9 SUMMARY The cost savings associated with the use of RAP is very dependent on the cost of virgin binder and to a lesser degree on the costs for recycling agent, virgin aggregate, RAP and the amount of binder available in the RAP.
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