Advancing Urban Sustainability in China and the United States Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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5 Data and Earth Observation for Decision Making
5 Data and Earth Observation for Decision Making
Pages 35-44
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BIG EARTH DATA IN SUPPORT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Dr. Chunlin Huang, a researcher with the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, spoke on behalf of the scheduled speaker Zhongchang Sun, associate researcher with the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of S ciences.
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2018. World Urbanization Prospects 2018.
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The report Big Earth Data in Support of the Sustainable FIGURE 5-2 CASEarth Big Earth Data Cloud Service Platform. SOURCE: Chunlin Huang, Presentation, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, December 16, 2019, Washington, DC.
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The report includes 12 case studies centered on the 11 SDG indicators within five selected goals and covers the perspectives of data, methods and models, and decision support at local, national, regional, and global scales. DATA GAPS AND URBAN EXPANSION IN CHINA Weiqi Zhou, professor of urban ecology at the Research Center for Eco-Environment Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, emphasized that urbanization in China has large spatial variations, still mostly occurring in certain regions on the east coast.
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For decades, urban researchers in the United States have had little input in driving the programmatic priorities of earth science research on sustainability issues. For instance, the 2017–2027 Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space2 placed little emphasis on how to consider the sustainability of urban areas, concentrating instead on the traditional study of urbanization as a land transition.
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40 FIGURE 5-3 Developing new tools to support urban planning and management toward co-production of knowledge. SOURCE: Weiqi Zhou, Presentation, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, December 16, 2019, Washington, DC.
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He also discussed how, in disaster situations, the data available are not useful if not contextualized and packaged in a timely manner, especially during rapid and needs-based assessments. A recent USRA EfSI symposium, Making Communities More Resilient to Extreme Flooding held on October 30–31, 2019, focused on issues related to disaster risk management with 160 attendees from 95 organizations.3 Dr.
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Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Housing and Urban Development about where to direct recovery funds to address the most underserved communities. These are the kind of relevant data that can be used to inform a needs assessment.
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(e.g., in the aftermath of Hurricane Dorian in the Bahamas) .6 They are also examining how to close data gaps through mapping, as well as how spacebased data can be used to improve coverage, for example, in Haiti where there is little information on settlements, roads, and infrastructure mapped before an event.7 Dr.
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New satellite missions specifically designed to measure urbanization as a "process," instead of urbanization as a "place" (i.e., the Urban 2.0 data paradigm) , will help stakeholders identify sectoral interlinkages and their implications across economic, social, and environmental areas in implementing the SDGs.
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