Reassessment of the Marine Salvage Posture of the United States (1994) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 8-12
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From page 8... ...
In other cases, where an accident occurs in a busy waterway and leads to closure of a port, the economic pressure for continued port operation tends to supersede concern over the value of the ship and cargo. In addition, private demand for salvage services has fallen, due to a declining number of vessel accidents requiring salvage (NRC, 1991; Tecnitas, 1992)
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From page 9... ...
Growing environmental concerns and increased liability for environmental damages have stimulated interest among vessel owners in seeing successful salvage carried out, thereby preventing uncontrolled releases of cargoes of fuel oil, crude oil, or hazardous materials. Environmental concerns also have stimulated greater public interest in salvage operations and have prompted some countries to become more involved in ensuring available salvage capability.
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From page 10... ...
and gasoline, generally are more toxic than crude oils, on a volume-for-volume basis, in that they contain a higher concentration of lighter aromatic hydrocarbons. The aromatic components of oil pose the greatest potential of acute toxicity to both plants and animals and cause a variety of sublethal effects, including impairment of reproduction, physiological stress, and reduced growth rates.
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From page 11... ...
Due to timely salvage assistance, the fire was extinguished, and all remaining cargo was transferred to another vessel. In 1989, the tanker Pacipcos incurred serious structural damage off the South African coast while carrying over 1.67 million barrels of oil.
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From page 12... ...
Halvors assist in minimizing or even preventing the closure of ports and waterways by rapidly repairing or removing vessels that block passage, or by minimizing the amount of oil spilled from damaged vessels and thus the duration and extent of cleanup operations. In the Duval 2 incident, salvage was prolonged because resources were slow in arriving.
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