Coal Energy for the Future (1995) / Chapter Skim
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5 COAL PREPARATION, COAL-LIQUID MIXTURES, AND COALBED METHANE RECOVERY
5 COAL PREPARATION, COAL-LIQUID MIXTURES, AND COALBED METHANE RECOVERY
Pages 75-84
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From page 75... ...
The committee's findings are then presented, with emphasis on the future role of DOE programs vis-a-vis private sector activities, requirements for commercial technologies, links to other major DOE efforts such as power generation, and research opportunities. COAL PREPARATION Description of Technology Coal preparation-or cleaning-is the removal of mineral matter from asmined coal to produce clean coal, a quality-controlled product with a composition that adheres to specifications based primarily on environmental and combustion performance.
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From page 76... ...
Separation involves partitioning of the individual particles into their appropriate size groupings-coarse, intermediate, and fine fractions and separating the mineral matter particles from the coal particles within each size fraction. Separation techniques for larger-size raw coal particles generally depend on the relative density difference between the organic coal and inorganic mineral matter particles.
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From page 77... ...
For FY 1995, DOE has proposed a 52 percent reduction in funding for coal preparation, to a total of $5.5 million. The main thrusts of the program include continued research on advanced physical coal cleaning methods to produce premium coal fuels very low in ash, sulfur and air toxic precursors at the proof-ofconcept scale of technology development ($2.6 million)
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From page 78... ...
Because coal is an abundant and relatively low cost fuel, the added cost of advanced preparation technology, combined with the cost of coal that is lost with separation process wastes, makes it extremely difficult for advanced cleaning methods to be economically competitive for applications involving direct coal use. The most promising applications for advanced beneficiation methods lie in the production of premium fuels that replace oil or gas (e.g., coal-liquid mixtures, discussed below)
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From page 79... ...
Advanced power and fuel systems are being designed for fuel flexibility and high-efficiency sulfur removal and may be unlikely to require coals that have been subjected to coal preparation beyond current commercial practice. Reduction of trace element concentrations in coal representing air toxic precursors may offer an R&D opportunity for meeting future, as yet undefined, hazardous air pollutant emission standards.
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From page 80... ...
Topics under investigation include the combustion system atomization processes, modeling, and measurement of viscosity and surface properties. The Pennsylvania State University is conducting a superclean CWS program with support from DOE and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to determine the capability of firing such slurries in an industrial boiler designed for firing heavy fuel oils, with no adverse impact on
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From page 81... ...
as a fuel supplement or reductant to lower the coke rate and hot metal cost, may incorporate CWS technology in the future. A University of North Dakota project on power generation from an Alaskan coal-water fuel has demonstrated the preliminary process economics of a concentrated low-rank coal-water fuel.
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From page 82... ...
Current Programs Section 1306 of EPACT requires DOE to study barriers to coalbed methane recovery, to assess environmental and safety aspects of flaring coalbed methane liberated from coal mines, and to disseminate information on state-of-the-art coalbed methane recovery techniques to the public. DOE is further required to establish a coalbed methane recovery demonstration and commercial application program, with emphasis on gas enrichment technology.
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From page 83... ...
As required by the Climate Change Action Plan (see above) , EPA recently launched an outreach program to encourage coal companies to install methane recovery equipment at mines across the United States.
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From page 84... ...
1994. Advanced physical coal cleaning for controlling acid rain emissions.
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