Science, Policy, and the Coast Improving Decisionmaking (1995) / Chapter Skim
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4 Findings and Recommendations
4 Findings and Recommendations
Pages 63-76
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From page 63... ...
2. Employ integrated and adaptive management approaches in coastal policymaking and implementation.
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From page 64... ...
IMPROVE MECHANISMS Create mechanisms for external scientific review of programs Involve stakeholders in planning and X X application of policy-relevant scientific research X X Form multidisciplinary regional task forces to address complex issues Encourage groups of scientists to develop plans for strategic research Reevaluate legal requirements that may hinder communication exchange B ENHANCE COMMUNICATIONS Policymakers and implementers should specify their information needs Summarize results of scientific research in X X X X lay language and disseminate widely, including through electronic X X information networks Assist the media in understanding and disseminating scientific findings C
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From page 65... ...
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 65 State Local The Legislatures Authorities Scientists Universities Media The NGOs Public X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
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From page 66... ...
Allocate, Mobilize, and Coordinate Resources Devote a portion of scientific research budgets to translate and disseminate scientific research Promote interdisciplinary policy research teams in requests for proposals Integrate science and policy capabilities through data sharing, colocation of facilities, and cooperative projects Facilitate personnel exchange and staff sharing among universities, NGOs, industry, and agencies NGOs nongovernmental organizations NEPs Nanona1 Estuary Programs X ~X X X X X X X X X X X X the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Interior, the Department of Energy, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and other relevant federal agencies review the recommendations in this report for application at the federal level.
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From page 67... ...
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 67 State Local The The Legislatures Authorities Scientists Universities Media NGOs Public X ~X X X X X X X X X X X region-specific suggestions summarized in Chapter 2 arid discussed in more detail in the proceedings of the regional symposia. ISSUE 1 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN COASTAL SCIENTISTS AND POLICYMAKERS Finding: Coastal scientists and policymakers do not interact sufficiently to ensure that decisions and policies related to coastal areas are adequately based on science.
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From page 68... ...
The human and other dimensions of coastal environments and their resources are inextricably linked, and their linkage creates a need for the integration of social and natural sciences. Natural and social scientists seldom interact professionally and have different traditions, languages, world views, and incentive systems (see pp.
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From page 69... ...
Improve Mechanisms for Focusing Scientific Attention on Coastal Environmental Issues · Federal, state, and local entities are encouraged to create or enhance mechanisms for internal and external scientific review and assessment of their coastal programs (NRC, l995b) , including the science conducted by internal staff and contractors.
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From page 70... ...
, and should have a balance of perspectives represented. · To assist in the process of defining science and management goals, professional scientific associations, groups of scientists, and university research consortia are encouraged to develop syntheses of the state of knowledge and develop plans for strategic research on important coastal problems.
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From page 71... ...
Build Capacity for Science-Policy Interactions · Federal, state, and local entities that have made innovative efforts to apply scientific expertise in the design and implementation of coastal programs (e.g., EPA's National Estuary Program and the Chesapeake Bay and Great Lakes programs) should be encouraged to prepare assessments of effective models for science-policy interaction that can be used as a guide for implementation in other relevant contexts.
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Encourage the application of scientific knowledge in the development of coastal policies by working closely with state coastal zone management programs and other state agencies. This may require new legislation at the federal and state levels.
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There are few instances of adaptive management being used formally as a regular part of coastal management programs. In some cases, adaptive management plans have been developed, but have not been implemented (e.g., coastal zone management and national estuary programs)
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· Government entities that have developed programs to achieve integrated and adaptive management (e.g., coastal zone management programs, NEPs, other interagency ecosystem management efforts) should allocate sufficient resources to implement such programs.
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From page 75... ...
Despite these large investments, the use of science in coastal policy development, implementation, and evaluation has not been as effective as desired, in part because little support has been directed to disseminating information between scientists and policymakers, promoting interdisciplinary research teams, integrating science and policy components of individual agencies, and sharing personnel among science and policy portions of agencies. The reallocation of existing resources could draw coastal science and policy into a more cooperative endeavor.
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From page 76... ...
· Federal, state, and local entities should facilitate personnel exchange or staff-sharing arrangements, whereby scientists and NGO and industry personnel may spend time in government, and government employees can work in universities, NGOs, and corporations on temporary assignments. The committee offers the recommendations in this chapter as suggestions that could be implemented immediately.
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