Airline Passenger Security Screening New Technologies and Implementation Issues (1996) / Chapter Skim
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6 HEALTH EFFECTS
6 HEALTH EFFECTS
Pages 28-33
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From page 28... ...
The level of ionizing radiations in passenger screening technologies is compared to the levels of exposure to ionizing radiation from other sources in figure 6-1. Low-energy electromagnetic radiation includes radio waves, microwaves, radar, and power-frequency radiation from electric and magnetic fields associated with electric currents.
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From page 29... ...
Although no epidemiological studies have shown conclusively that ionizing radiation at low doses (less than 10 rem [0.1 Sv]
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From page 30... ...
Radiation doses to passengers undergoing x-ray screening are many orders of magnitude below these thresholds and much lower than doses from exposure to natural background radiation or even doses from the cosmic ray exposure during a transcontinental flight. Epidemiological studies have not been conducted to evalu ate directly the reproductive risks of exposure to screening Although laboratory studies have confirmed that low levels of electromagnetic radiation may cause biochemical and physiological changes in cells, they do not appear to damage DNA directly, and, therefore, would be unlikely to initiate cancer.
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From page 31... ...
The results of these studies strongly suggest that the radiation and field exposures at levels associated with passenger screening devices do not have reproductive or teratogenic effects. No statistically significant associations have been found in epidemiological studies involving VDTs, which typically expose the operator to maximum magnetic fields of about 2 milligauss (mG)
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From page 32... ...
Medical therapy devices that operate at much higher energy levels, such as hyperthermia and diathermy units, can cause pacemakers to malfunction by causing permanent damage to pulse generators or temporary changes or total inhibition of the pacing rate (Hardage et al., 1985~. SUMMARY Radiation for electromagnetic fields from passenger screening devices does not harm the individuals undergoing screening or operating the equipment.
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From page 33... ...
Con cerns about health effects may still affect public acceptance of imaging and nonimaging electromagnetic radiation tech nologies, especially because people distinguish between ra diation received voluntarily (such as radiation during a transcontinental flight) and radiation received involuntarily (such as radiation from living in areas built over piles of uranium mill tailings)
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