Enhancing Organizational Performance (1997) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Military Organizational Characteristics
Appendix A: Military Organizational Characteristics
Pages 253-265
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1963 Strategy and Collective Bargaining Negotiations.
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Yoder, A 1994 UN Military Operations Before and After the New Era.
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Appendices
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The success and utility of organizational studies is a demonstration that organizations have enough similar features, structures, and purposes to make comparative studies feasible. Conversely, all organizations are different in some respects.
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They do give reason to consider carefully these issues before positively affirming the applicability to the military of relationships developed in nonmilitary milieus. The remainder of this appendix is a list of features within military organizations that are not likely to appear in similar form in nonmilitary organizations.
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Congress can direct trade-offs among these groups by such means as privatizing, transferring responsibility to a reserve component, and using civilians to replace military personnel. • The military has a fixed rank structure.
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It is entirely determined by rank and time in service. In some cases, there may be supplementary special pay, as in the case of extra salary awarded to physicians whose medical specialties are in short supply.
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Mandatory drug screening and a prohibition on abortions at military hospitals represent a type of involvement in members' personal lives to an extent that is not usual in the civilian world. • All active-duty military personnel are on permanent 24-hour call.
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Almost all aspects of higher levels of mission, structure, and function of the military, including discretionary acquisition of weapons and other equipment, are controlled by elements in the larger political system rather than determined solely by the organization itself. Although consultation with senior military officers is routine, major and strategic decisions are determined by the political process and are often responsive to extraorganizational priorities and pressures.
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Physicians, dentists, and clinical psychologists, for example, are recruited as O-3 officers, Navy lieutenants, and Army and Air Force captains, reflecting the military service credit they are given for their specialized training and education. Line officers in all service branches start their careers as O-1 officers, Navy ensigns, or Army, Marine, and Air Force second lieutenants.
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In part to serve that obligation, the military maintains a pastoral corps, a social work capability, a family housing stock, schools for dependent family members, and a large medical system. In some cases in which the military is not able to provide these services with its own resources, it will contract for them to ensure access to them by the entire military community.
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They include other governmental entities, such as the Veterans Administration, and voluntary civilian groups, such as the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, and service alumni organizations. All these groups share in the culture of the military and to varying extents participate in the public political process of testifying before Congress and the administration and lobbying on military matters.
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