Measures of Environmental Performance and Ecosystem Condition (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Measuring Environmental Performance through Comprehensive River Studies
Measuring Environmental Performance through Comprehensive River Studies
Pages 217-226
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From page 217... ...
One of the task force's initial activities was to estimate the relative amounts of money spent on water pollution abatement and ambient water-quality monitoring. The task force concluded that for every dollar invested in programs and infrastructure designed to reduce water pollution, less than two-tenths of one cent was spent to monitor the effectiveness of such abatement programs (Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality, 1992)
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From page 218... ...
Eastman organizations that are responsible for water-quality near Eastman facilities have carefully considered the customers for their work. These customers include plant management, the public, employees, the board of directors, stockholders, and state and federal regulatory authorities.
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From page 219... ...
Over the years, ANS has completed a total of 15 river studies at Eastman's four major plant sites. These river studies include the collection of chemical, physical, and biological data at locations upstream and downstream of the manufacturing facilities.
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From page 220... ...
The insects are excellent indicators, providing acceptable rigor for statistical testing against a variety of environmental parameters. Noninsect macroinvertebrates, or epibenthic fauna, such as mussels and crawfish support themselves by filtering food particles from the water or by scavenging.
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From page 221... ...
. Today, the major discharges include cooling water and treated process waste water from Tennessee Eastman, as well as other discharges from a munitions manufacturer, a paper manufacturing plant, and a domestic waste-water treatment facility.
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From page 222... ...
Unlike the work in Tennessee, which sought to document improvements in water-quality, the studies in Arkansas were intended to evaluate critically any changes in water-quality that could be attributed to Arkansas Eastman's presence. To date, the studies reflect positively on the water-quality management system at Arkansas Eastman.
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From page 223... ...
By the early 1970s, these activities resulted in a 65 percent reduction in the Tennessee Eastman BOD loading to the South Fork Holston River. Data on aquatic invertebrates and fish collected at a location downstream of all Kingsport area point-source discharges, before and after this BOD load reduction, showed a 140 percent increase in the total number of species of invertebrates and fish, from 15 species in 1965 to 36 species in 1974.
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From page 224... ...
Increases in species diversity downstream of Kingsport from 1965 to 1980 can be attributed to BOD load reductions resulting from cleaner point-source discharges. Little change took place during this period at the upstream station, which is located between Tennessee Eastman Division property and Fort Patrick Henry Dam.
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From page 225... ...
Table 1 shows the number of noninsect macroinvertebrate, insect, and fish species collected at stations immediately upstream and downstream of the Arkansas Eastman discharges to the White River. These and other data collected during the studies on species richness and abundance show differences among the sampling locations, but the observed patterns are not consistent with a negative effect from the Eastman facility.
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From page 226... ...
Great Lakes Ento mology 20:31–39. Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality.
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