Measures of Environmental Performance and Ecosystem Condition (1999) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Accounting Methods:
Accounting Methods:
Measuring Pollution-Prevention Performance
Pages 63-69
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Accounting Methods
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From page 65... ...
Many corporations spend significant portions of their capital and operating budgets to address environmental issues, and corporate managers need ways to measure the results of these efforts. It is the job of the environmental staff within a corporation to determine what measurements need to be made and reported to top management.
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From page 66... ...
In addition, because all major manufacturing facilities are required to file these reports annually, facilities can be compared with one another. Such comparisons are used by environmental organizations to push plants with high releases to meet the lower emissions levels achieved by comparable facilities.
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From page 67... ...
After considerable discussion and trials of pilot projects that used different measurement schemes, 3M implemented such a system in 1990. The system classifies all outputs from a production facility into one of three categories: product, or the intended output from the manufacturing facility; by-product, or residuals that are productively used through some form of recycling or reuse; and waste, or material that is subjected to waste treatment, pollution control, or is directly released into the environment.
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Chemical Waste Chemical waste is defined as all the material included on a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act manifest. Determining the quantity generated is as simple as tapping into the database that contains the manifest information.
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From page 69... ...
Using existing databases, 3M has developed a waste metric that conforms to a TQM structure, is simple yet accurate, is a good employee motivator, can be utilized to establish goals, and, after 5 years of experience, has proved effective in accomplishing waste reduction and pollution prevention.
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