Environmental Management Technology-Development Program at the Department of Energy 1995 Review (1996) / Chapter Skim
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SUBCOMMITTEE ON MIXED WASTES
SUBCOMMITTEE ON MIXED WASTES
Pages 59-72
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From page 59... ...
The subcommittee also addresses cross cutting areas of relevance to the focus area such as robotics, efficient separation processes, and sensor technology and monitoring. It appears that many, if not most, radioactive wastes simultaneously contain radioactive contaminants and chemically hazardous or potentially chemitomc substances.
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From page 60... ...
One of Me most important process considerations related to disposal of mixed waste is the long-tenn performance of the waste fonn in the disposal facility. Focusing on waste streams and needs for treatment technologies is a reasonable approach to defining and prionti7ing Me needs of technology development.
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From page 61... ...
and defines mixed waste broadly as waste that contains both hazardous waste and sources, special nuclear, or byproduct material subject to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. The FECA required DOE to prepare a report containing a national inventory of mixed waste on a stately state basis and a report
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From page 62... ...
The status of the plan should be considered if new R&D begins on waste streams that are on schedule for treatment. The mixed~aste plans and the inventory of technologies are intended to comply with the treatment standards of the land disposal restrictions of RCRA EPA has promulgated treatment standards for each of the EPA hazardous waste codes, which also identify mixed waste.
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From page 63... ...
The fonner assumes that a technology currency exists but has some unacceptable attributes, such as high cost, low efficiency, a narrow envelope for waste inputs, or excessive secondary waste streams. The attributes of the developing technology must clearly be better Han the emsdng technology to warrant continued development.
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From page 64... ...
. Also, the long-term performance of Be waste form In a disposal facility must be assessed, and short-term test procedures must be developed to provide indication of the waste fonn long-term performance.
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From page 65... ...
All proposed mixe~aste treaunent processes emit gaseous effluents. Emissions of volatile metals, radioactive particles, and compounds such as chlorinated dioxins and Finns, products of incomplete combustion or thermal cracking under pyrolysis conditions, are a major public concern and health risk.
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From page 66... ...
In principle, the slag residue is a good waste form against ground~ater leakage under repository conditions. DOE announced it will be field testing a unit on radioactive waste within two years.
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From page 67... ...
Phosphate-bonded ceramic waste stabilization will be field tested within the next two years on residues Dom the plasma process. ~ summary DOE is demonstrating a number of technologies that can be applied to the very large range of mixed wastes.
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From page 68... ...
DOE has shown responsiveness to these concerns in its mixed~aste technology development s~ate~gy and in its mixed~aste treatment plans by foaling on alternatives to conventional incineration and by attempting to plan for me hea~anent of most wastes at the site where they are aurently stored. In addition, DOE has selected continuous monitoring for incinerators as a means of addressing stakeholder concerns regarding toxic emissions as a priority.
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From page 69... ...
Regulatory Reform The proposed Hazardous Waste Identification Rule (HWIR) planned to be published for public comment in the coming months Iran have an important impact on the need for treatment capacity for mixed wastes and associated technological development.
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From page 70... ...
. Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusion: Among the cravens for the selection of treatment technologies, the physical and chemical characteristics and volume of the end products-or the need for secondary immobilizatio~are integral and important issues in waste management These criteria also mean that the option for a type of disposal environment (not necessarily the disposal site)
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From page 71... ...
However, the majority of the none processes are skill in an early stage of development and/or demonstration Recomn~endadon: In the comparison of thermal and nonthennal treatment methods and establishment of relative pnonties, the stage of development, end~roduct characteristics, technical and economic advantages, and potential for improvements of thermal processes should be considered. Conclusion: Adequate characterization, adapted to the requirements of specific treatment technologies and the properties of handled materials, is a critical element for successful and cost-effectve implementation of mixe~aste management.
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From page 72... ...
^~7~f If References u.s.
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