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Forested Landscapes in Perspective Prospects and Opportunities for Sustainable Management of America's Nonfederal Forests (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Definitions of New Paradigms: Forest Health, Ecosystem Management, and Sustainable Forest Management
Pages 205-209

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From page 205...
... Often rooted in principles of sustainability, concepts of "forest health," "ecosystem management," and "sustainable forest management" have been introduced to describe new paradigms. Although often lacking complete scientific and political acceptance, these terms convey concepts that can be useful in defining future directions for the use, management, and protection of forests.
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From page 206...
... has stated, "To be healthy and sustainable, a system must maintain its metabolic activity level as well as its internal structure and organization (a diversity of processes effectively linked to one another) and must be resilient to outside stresses over a time and space frame relevant to that system." The author further proposes that an index of ecosystem health should include three parts: vigor, organization, and resilience.
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From page 207...
... National programs addressing some aspects of forest health have been in place for decades, most focusing on timber supplies. The first program created to specifically monitor insects and diseases was the Cooperative Pest Action Program, which was renamed the Cooperative Forest Health Program.
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From page 208...
... Ecosystem management does not necessarily imply increased government control of nonfederal lands but might result in increased federal involvement through cost-share programs, tax incentives, and cooperative management negotiations. Specific federal-agency focuses within the context of ecosystem management, such as the recent USDA Forest Service emphasis on reintroducing "natural ranges of variation" for processes like fire (Swanson et al.
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From page 209...
... forest industry (American Forest and Paper Association 1994) , to the more detailed and broadly applied voluntary certification programs of numerous nongovernmental organizations that offer independent, third-party verification and monitoring (Elliott and Donovan 1996~.
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Key Terms

  • forest health
  • sustainable forest
  • forest management
  • resource situations
  • federal involvement

  • forest service
  • nonfederal forests
  • usda forest
  • potentially serious
  • nonfederal forestlands

  • box appendix
  • forest landowners
  • serious resource
  • potentially deteriorating
  • forest ecosystems

  • federal lands
  • management regimes
  • forested ecosystems
  • forestry initiative
  • synonymous terms

  • tax incentives
  • processes effectively
  • broad concerns
  • forest purposes
  • increased government

  • regimes applied
  • programs addressing
  • numerous nongovernmental
  • articulate desired
  • including fire


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