Biographical Memoirs Volume 46 (1975) / Chapter Skim
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1. Hans Thacher Clarke
1. Hans Thacher Clarke
Pages 1-21
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Biographical ~Vlemoirs VOLUME XLVI
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Outstanding among the many such appointments of the period was that of Hans Thacher Clarke, in 1928, as head of the Department of Biological Chemistry at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. With a background of some fourteen years of industrial research at Eastman Kodak Company on the large-scale production of developers, dyes, and, after the war, of a wide assortment of organic substances previously imported from Germany, he brought to Columbia a vast and detailed knowledge of the organic chemical literature and an unexcelled personal skill and resourcefulness in organic synthesis.
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They met in 1886, became close personal friends, and shortly afterwards Clarke was appointed to be the European representative of Eastman affairs, a position in which his knowledge of European languages, of art, and, incidentally, of music, for he was a competent cellist, eminently fitted him. This relationship led quite naturally to the appointment of Hans Clarke, his son, who had become a highly trained organic chemist, when, at the outbreak of the war in 1914, it became necessary for the Eastman Kodak Company to undertake the manufacture of the photographic chemicals that previously had been imported from Germany.
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Independent reading in an extensive and catholic parental library was encouraged, and LI] took part in family string quartets from the age of eight." He attended the University College School in London from 1896 to 1905, where he "preferred subjects (such as algebra)
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Clarke had been occasionally consulted on organic chemical matters by his father's friend George Eastman, and early in the summer of 1914 he was asked by Eastman to come to Rochester to evaluate a newly invented process for the chemical modification of cellulose. Here he found that he was the only organic chemist employed by the company.
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Of the ninetyfour graduate students who were trained under Clarke's direction, forty-three later attained sufficient eminence to be elected members of one or another of the six societies that form the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology; and several are today heads of biochemistry departments or leaders of productive research groups in various institutions throughout the country. Clarke's first publication, a paper with Smiles on diethoxy
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The year and a half he spent in Fischer's laboratory was devoted to the synthesis of thiazans, which he prepared for the first time, and to the study of the reactivity of analogous compounds that contained nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur in all of the possible pairs. The fourteen years at the Kodak research laboratory resulted in few publications in the journal literature, but in this period there were twenty-six descriptions of the preparation of a wide variety of substances published in Organic Syntheses.
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There was no attempt to direct him into some field allied to the professor's personal research. Thus, the list of titles of papers with graduate students in his bibliography ranges from studies of fatty acids, of amino acids, and of analytical methods, to a problem having to do with rickets in children and another concerning plasma volume.
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Williams had found that the crystalline vitamin could be decomposed by treatment with sulfite into two substances, one of which he recognized to be a pyrimidine derivative. The other substance was a strong nitrogenous base containing sulfur.
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Clarke retired from Columbia in 1956 at the mandatory age of 68 and accepted a long-standing invitation from a former student, Professor Joseph Fruton, to come to New Haven to the biochemical laboratory in the Graduate School as a guest
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He was an active participant in seminars, attended occasional lectures, gave a short course of lectures on antibiotics a few times, and was always available to students who were puzzled over some problem in organic chemistry. His glassblowing skill was frequently in demand for the repair or development of apparatus.
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He married Frieda Planck, daughter of Professor Adelbert Planck and niece of Max Planck, as well as an accomplished violinist, in 1914. Together in Rochester, they played frequently with an amateur orchestra and in smaller groups.
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Their mother died in 1960, and in 1963 Clarke married Flora de Peyer, who survives him. Clarke was widely recognized as one of the finest organic chemists of the period in this country.
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Colors produced by tetranitromethane with compounds containing elements capable of showing change of valency. Proceedings of the Chemical Society, 29: 161.
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Uber die ultraviolette Absorption des reinen Azetone uberhalb A332~,u. Physikalische Zeitschrift, 14:1049.
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The lower fatty acids of coconut oil.
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New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Contributions by Clarke and others include: Acid ammonium o-sulfobenzoate, Benzenesulfonyl chloride, Benzil, Benzoic anhydride, Bromo-n-caproic acid, c'-Bromonapthalene, Catechol, o-Chlorobenzoyl chloride, Epichlorohydrin, Ethyl oxalate, Ethyl propane-1,1,2,3-tetra-carboxylate, n-Heptyl alcohol, Methyl red, m-Nitrotoluene, Oxalic acid (anhydrous>, Phloroglucinol, Quinoline, o-Sulfobenzoic anhydride, o-Tolunitrite and p-Tolunitrite, Tricarballylic acid, 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene, and 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene.
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In: Organic Chemistry, by H Gilman, chap.
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Carboxymethylamino acids and pepcides.
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