Engineering Infrastructure Diagramming and Modeling (1986) / Chapter Skim
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5. Data Bases
5. Data Bases
Pages 47-70
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From page 47... ...
, Bureau of Labor Statistics {BLSJ, and National Center for Education Statistics {NCES) are the primary data base managers.
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From page 51... ...
NSF acts as the primary integrative organization particularly by standardizing key survey questions and by sponsoring a mathematical model that combines a number of its data leases. At the present time, however, the variety of data base managers increases the difficulties associated with integrating the individual data bases.
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From page 52... ...
Battelle's survey is sent to both individuals and estal~lishments at the same time. The choice of respondent affects key aspects of the data collection and analysis effort.
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From page 53... ...
The inability to obtain complete coverage of the engineering community using the existing data bases means that the data elements in the flow diagram tend to underestimate the size of the stocks and flows. Focus As mentioned earlier, the focus or purpose of each data base varies but can be captured in a combination of three categories: personal, education, and employment.
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From page 54... ...
As a result, few of the current data bases go back to 1960. In part, the new data bases replaced others, such as the Engineering Register, but major differences in target populations and survey items severely limit the usefulness of the earlier data bases.
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Data Base Coverage Table 2 summarizes in detail the data elements covered by the data bases. The data elements fall into three categories: personal, education, and employment.
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From page 56... ...
Survey of Recent Science and Current Occupational Engineering Population Employment Graduates Survey Survey (RSE ~(CPS ~(OES) Personal Age Sex Race Marital status Citizenship Income Educat~on Level Field History Type of degree Field Date received Date enrolled Current status Other training Future plans Source of support Employment Employment status X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X _ X _ X _ X _ X _ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X _ X X X _ X X X X X X Current job Occupation X X X X X X Type of employer X X X X X X Industry X X X - X X Level - X Tenure - X Work activities X X X X Salary X X X X X Satisfaction - X X Skill utilization - - X X Job history Occupation - X X Type of employer - X X Industry - X X Level - X Tenure - X Work activities - X X Salary - X X Satisfaction - X X Skill utilization - - X
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From page 57... ...
. ngmeerlog and Technology Professional National Enrollments Income of Survey of Professional Engineer Income and Salary Survey (PE)
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From page 58... ...
In terms of the panel's flow diagram and model, the data leases provide limited information on the flows of individuals among fields, particularly at four-year colleges and universities. The EMC Engineering and Technology Enrollment {E/T EnrollmentJ data provide some aggregate information on the size of classes for each specialty within engineering, but it is impossible to determine where students switching out of engineering go and where students entering engineering come from.
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From page 59... ...
The structure of the OES data limits their usefulness with regard to the model and flow diagram, although they provide a cross-check on the representativeness of the PMS and ESE data. Similarly, the Professional Engineer Income and Salary Survey (PEJ provides for checking the representativeness of the NSF data despite the sample's being limited to National Society of Professional Engineers members.
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From page 60... ...
Finally, although the PMS and ESE provide detailed coverage of the remaining data elements, the data are only collected every 10 years and need to be augmented on a more frequent and representative basis using the NSF model to generate the needed estimates for updating. The RSE and DR data bases are deficient in item coverage, and the associate and nondegreed segment of the engineering community is not covered.
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In general, the decisions concerning sample size and sampling fraction reflect a considerable amount of careful planning and analysis. While no definitive judgment can lie made as to the acceptability of the sampling errors, the standard error
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From page 64... ...
Response Rate The response rate refers to the percentage of usable responses. The majority of the data base managers expend considerable effort in ensuring an adequate response rate.
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From page 65... ...
i4 The absence of reliability studies on the NSF and Research Council crate bases, particularly with regard to the specification of the major work activity, needs to be addressed. The work activity item occurs in a more or less standard form in the NSF and Research Council data bases and is critical to the flow diagram and the CLUE model.
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From page 66... ...
In the future, therefore, a more complete understanding of the engineering community or of any other technical occupation for that matter will require some significant modifications in categorizing the community from which data are collected, in the range of information gathered, and in the coordination of the various data collection efforts. The Panel on Infrastructure Dia gramming and Modeling suggests that these modifications may lee achieved through the following: · Monitoring of existing data collection efforts should be undertaken by an organization not currently involved in any specific data collection effort.
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From page 67... ...
· If the Bureau of Labor Statistics7 Occupational Employment Surveyis to remain a majorinput in the analysis of the demand and supply of technical manpower, it is essential that an effort be made to assess the reliability and accuracy of the data. Notes Discussions with BLS personnel indicate that there is a strong need to undertake such research in order to determine the reliability of BLS manpower forecasts.
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From page 69... ...
Appendixes
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Key Terms
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