Building Ocean Science Partnerships The United States and Mexico Working Together (1999) / Chapter Skim
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3 Actions to Improve Cooperation and Influence Ocean Science Policymaking
3 Actions to Improve Cooperation and Influence Ocean Science Policymaking
Pages 65-82
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From page 65... ...
funding for binational activities will improve collaborations between U.S. and Mexican ocean scientists and enhance the effectiveness of joint projects such as those noted in Chapter 2 or others that may be developed in the future.
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The number of Mexican ocean scientists employed in academic institutions is much larger than the number employed by federal agencies.
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Cooperation between ocean scientists in the United States and Mexico would be enhanced by intensive language training for scientists, students, and technicians who desire to work in the neighboring country. The language barrier significantly hinders binational cooperation.
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It has focused primarily on sponsoring short-term exchanges and joint research projects of the type required by a binational ocean sciences program.
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and Mexican agencies and foundations that support ocean sciences and are responsible for marine environmental issues. The U.S.Mexico Foundation for Science is a potential vehicle to handle the logistical aspects of both research and exchange grants.
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It is clear from these figures that Mexican ocean science budgets pose a severe constraint to Mexican ocean research and reduce the ability of Mexican scientists to participate equally in collaborative research with U.S. and other foreign colleagues.
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Mexico has a similar array of sources to fund the purchase and operation of physical resources, but the balance of sponsors is different in the two nations and the support from mission agencies, as well as the total support, is smaller. The lack of a basic ocean research policy and the discontinuity of adequate funding for ship time and equipment seriously hinder ocean sciences in Mexico.
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, providing a foundation for data sharing and communication. Communication Linkages Research networks with several nodes could provide focal points for regional ocean sciences that extend beyond the capabilities of the Internet.
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Such a communication network should also include government agencies charged with managing fisheries, oil and gas exploration and development, and coastal zones. These networks could broaden public awareness and appreciation of the ocean sciences and their value to society.
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Research Vessels Research vessels are the backbone of the physical infrastructure for ocean sciences. They are a major and expensive resource that could and should be shared by scientists of the two nations.
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and Mexican institutions could provide a framework for joint use of these facilities and for binational funding of ship time by NSF and CONACyT. Lack of appropriate funding for maintenance of the Mexican research vessels El Puma and Justo Sierra, as well as the unavailability of these ships to the majority of the Mexican oceanographic community because of inadequate ship-time funding sources, has stalled the progress that Mexican ocean research attained during the 1980s.
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From page 76... ...
The Joint Working Group on Ocean Sciences (JWG) encourages Mexican agencies and institutions focused on ocean sciences to foster more extensive participation in major international ocean science programs that are of greatest interest to members of the Mexican ocean science community, as a means to contribute their unique knowledge and to increase international cooperation and recognition.
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Regional ocean observing systems shared by Mexico and the United States in their common Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico areas could help provide answers to pressing regional problems in fisheries, pollution, biodiversity, and ocean circulation important to both nations. At the same time, such systems could be important components of a global ocean observing system (GOOS)
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An important aspect of cooperative science would be the development of courses and symposia open to the public to enhance public awareness of binational needs and opportunities in ocean sciences. In the realm of science publications there are two troublesome issues.
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Apart from organizational approaches, there is a need for individual reviewers and editors personally to apply appropriate measures to help authors whose native language is not English, being careful to distinguish poor science, which should not be published in any language, from good science hampered by poor English, which deserves some degree of collegial assistance and constructive criticism from the English speakers associated with or providing reviews for English language journals. Although the majority of scientific writing is done in English, all scientists should have the liberty to choose the language in which to write their scientific contributions.
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and Mexican ocean scientists and to take advantage of opportunities of the type identified in this report. Ocean sciences are inherently multidisciplinary and thus provide the basis for addressing many scientific and societal problems related to complex ocean environments.
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for 1994 to 1998. Steps to promote binational research were taken prior to 1995 by the U.S.-Mexico Foundation for Science before it was forced by fiscal constraints to retrench to the funding of scientific exchanges.
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