Vaccine Safety Forum Summaries of Two Workshops (1997) / Chapter Skim
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RESEARCH ON IDENTIFYING POPULATIONS AT RISK FOR ADVERSE EVENTS
RESEARCH ON IDENTIFYING POPULATIONS AT RISK FOR ADVERSE EVENTS
Pages 37-43
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From page 37... ...
The following sections represents topics chosen by the Forum members, based on their knowledge of potentially promising research. These studies include those that examine the potential link between the following: arthritis and rubella vaccine; anaphylaxis and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine; convulsions and DPT; high-titer measles vaccines and mortality; multiple sclerosis or Guillain-Barre syndrome and vaccination; multiple-antigen vaccinations and adverse events; and premature infants and adverse events following vaccination.
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From page 38... ...
suggested assessing whether genetic variation in the genes that code for the two self-antigens to which rubella virus binds might explain differences in susceptibility to arthritic complications of rubella or rubella vaccination. Anaphylaxis and Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine ,l7 Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction whose symptoms include itching, hives, low blood pressure, abnormal fluid retention that causes swelling of tissues, and difficulty breathing.
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From page 39... ...
found that infants with a history of convulsions were about 10 times more likely to experience convulsions or other neurologic adverse events following vaccination with DPT than infants without a personal history of convulsions (Haber et al., 19931. CDC researchers also found that infants with a family history of convulsions were about three times more likely to have convulsions or other neurologic adverse events after vaccination with DPT than infants without such a family history (Chen et al., 1993~.
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From page 40... ...
Using these files, researchers can identify children who are neurologically impaired or at risk of such impairments, and assess their response following vaccination with DPT in comparison with children not recently vaccinated. According to Davis, the number of children in the study is large enough to determine with relatively high statistical confidence whether children with necrologic impairments or at risk for necrologic impairment are at increased risk for experiencing convulsions following vaccination with DPT.
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From page 41... ...
A cross-sectional study conducted in Peru, however, found that although children who received the high-titer vaccine an average of 27 months earlier had slightly lower values for a number of immune function parameters evaluated, the values were within the normal range (Leon et al., 1993~. Girls who received the high-titer vaccine, however, had a significantly lower proportion of a type of T cell known as CD4 in their blood than did girls who received the low-titer vaccine.
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From page 42... ...
This suggests that any effects observed in the study may be due, in part, to natural infection with measles and not to the measles vaccine received. Chen noted that one study indicates that there may be delayed mortality after a natural measles infection (Hull et al., 1983~.
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From page 43... ...
Subsequent influenza vaccines prepared from other virus strains have not been clearly associated with an increases risk of GBS (Hurwitz et al., 1981; Kaplan et al., 1982; Chen et al., 19923. During five of six seasons studied since 1976, the point estimates of the relative risks of GBS after influenza vaccination were slightly elevated; however, in none of these studies was the overall elevation in relative risk statistically significant (CDC, 1997~.
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