Immigration Statistics A Story of Neglect (1985) / Chapter Skim
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2 Immigration Policy: Past to Present
2 Immigration Policy: Past to Present
Pages 13-25
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From page 13... ...
HISTORICAL AND LEGISLATIVE OVERVIEW Before the Twentieth Century: Unrestricted Entry When the nation posed for its first "family portrait" in 1790, the picture showed a recorded census population of around 3 1/4 million, all of whom were either immigrants themselves or descendants of relatively recent immigrants (Indians were not included)
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From page 14... ...
The first racial law was enacted in May 1882 to bar Chinese laborers, and, shortly thereafter, in August of the same year, Congress added idiots, lunatics, and persons likely to become a public charge to the list of those who could be excluded. In short order, in 1885, in an action aimed at protecting the domestic labor market, Congress prohibited the entry of laborers induced to immigrate by job offers and, in 1888, allowed deportation of workers who had entered the country illegally.
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From page 15... ...
This temporary measure was followed by the more restrictive Immigration Act of 1924, which used the "national origin" of each individual in the United States in 1890 as the basis for allocating the flow of immigrants. Despite attacks from many fronts, and change in 1929 to using the 1920 census population as the base, this approach stood as the standard for the next 40 years; the national origins quota system was not abolished until 1965.
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From page 16... ...
The 1954 changes, for example, spared from exclusion an alien convicted of a single petty offense, and 1957 saw bans dropped on the immigration of illegitimate and adopted children and orphans, and discretionary waivers were permitted for aliens inadmissible on criminal or moral grounds or because of tuberculosis or visa fraud. Yet in 1956 a foreign residence requirement was imposed on exchange visitors so that they could not become lawful permanent residents of the United States unless they went home for 2 years.
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From page 17... ...
The Simpson-Mazzoli bill would have introduced significant changes in the Immigration and Nationality Act by prohibiting the employment of illegal aliens and imposing sanctions on employers of aliens not authorized-to work and by authorizing amnesty to selected groups of illegal aliens who entered the United States before a prescribed date. The bill would also have imposed a 2-year foreign residence requirement on all foreign students and would have limited judicial review and thus
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From page 18... ...
1924 National Origins Law (Johnson-Reed Act) sets temporary annual quotas at 2 percent of a nationality's U.S.
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From page 19... ...
1965 Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965: 0 abolish the national origins system; o establish an annual ceiling of 170,000 for the Eastern Hemisphere with a 20,000 per-country limit, distributing immigrant visas according to a seven-category preference system that favors close relatives of U.S. citizens and permanent resident aliens, those with needed occupational skills, and refugees; and o establish an annual ceiling of 120,000 for the Western Hemisphere with no per-country limit or preference system.
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From page 20... ...
1981 INS Efficiency Act provides for certain technical changes in the Immigration and Nationality Act to enable the more efficient application of the law and abolishes annual reporting of addresses for aliens. 1982 Law permits nonimmigrant temporary workers who have lived continuously in the Virgin Islands since June 30, 1975, to obtain permanent residence in the United States.
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From page 21... ...
Ministers of religion and certain other persons are also exempt. Legal permanent resident aliens, having been counted under the numerical limitations when they first immigrated, are not counted again under those limitations when they return' to the United States after a temporary absence.
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From page 22... ...
20: or 54, 000 citizens and their children Second Spouses and unmarried sons and 26% or 70, 200a daughters of permanent resident aliens Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Members of professions or persons of 10% or 27, 000 exceptional ability in the arts and sciences and their spouses and children Married children of U.S. citizens and 10% or 27, ooOa the ir spouse s and children Brothers and sisters of adult U.S.
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From page 23... ...
Over 400,000 nonimmigrant visas are denied annually by consular officers because they are not "satisfied" that the applicant is a bona fide nonimmigrant. An additional 128,000 visas (immigrant and nonimmigrant)
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From page 24... ...
In the same year, the next largest groups were visitors, crew members, and students, most of whom remained beyond the period of their authorized stay and some of whom violated the teems of their temporary admission by unauthorized work. In most cases deportable aliens located in the United States are given the opportunity to depart voluntarily, at their own expense and without the institution of deportation proceedings.
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From page 25... ...
Filing of the petition automatically stays deportation pending determination by the court, unless it directs otherwise. Powers of Immigration Officers The enforcement powers needed to apprehend suspected illegal aliens and issue warrants of arrest are expressly spelled out in the law.
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