Vitamin C Fortification of Food Aid Commodities Final Report (1997) / Chapter Skim
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2 Vitamin C: Needs and Functions
2 Vitamin C: Needs and Functions
Pages 17-22
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From page 17... ...
Dietary deficiency of vitamin C eventually leads to scurvy, a serious disease characterized by the weakening of collagenous structures that results in widespread capillary hemorrhaging (Hornig, 1975; Woodruff, 1975~. Clinical signs of scurvy, including swollen or bleeding gums, petechial hemorrhages, joint pain, and follicular hyperkeratosis, are associated with plasma (or serum)
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From page 18... ...
adopted the policy of providing fortified, blended foods to populations wholly dependent on food aid, in an effort to preempt any micronutrient deficiencies. One outbreak occurred in Rwandan refugees in eastern Zaire in the spring of 1994 prior to the time that the newly adopted food aid plan could be implemented.
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From page 19... ...
In most scurvy outbreak situations, the main contributing factor has been a dependence on standard emergency relief rations, which until 1994 consisted of a cereal flour, vegetable oil, pulses, and occasionally salt, and contained almost no vitamin C (< 2 mg per person per day) , and the limited availability of local supplies of fresh produce (Toole, 1994~.
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From page 20... ...
Current rations of blended, fortified commodities vary with the specific situation but in emergency feeding situations are usually 30 g per person per day. The blended, fortified commodities are not intended to be the sole or even major source of nutrients because 30 g per day will provide only 114 kcal, or 5-6 percent of daily energy requirements, and 5-6 g of protein.
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From page 21... ...
A two to threefold increase in absorption of non-heme food iron from a meal can be expected from adding foods that contain about 50-100 mg of ascorbic acid (Hallberg et al., 1987~. In the past few years, concern about the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in recipient populations (which is undoubtedly vastly higher than the prevalence of ascorbic acid deficiency)
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From page 22... ...
It was recommended ~ We m~ubc~rers' Cecilia to lower the moisture content of the commodities be examined) Unlike famous Amaze, an iron-EDTA cbel~e would not contribute to He oxidation of ascorbic acid during Forage.
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