Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement (1997) / Chapter Skim
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3 Background
3 Background
Pages 20-22
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From page 20... ...
The success of a kidney transplant between fraternal twins in 1959 suggested that these were not insurmountable either, and indeed, existing and subsequently developed drugs mitigated the effects of the immune response, delaying or preventing rejection of the transplanted organ. The development of immunological tests, including tissue typing and matching, also played a role in improving results.
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From page 21... ...
These essentially amounted to total unresponsiveness and loss of the brain's integrative control of body physiology as measured by various clinical and technical tests. Over the next few years, a model definition of death based on irreversible loss of function of the whole brain including the brain stem, or irreversible cessation of cardiopulmonary function, was enacted widely into state law, enabling the recovery of organs from "brain-dead" cadavers who maintained breathing and circulation on artificial ventilation.
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From page 22... ...
donors has been widely accepted at present in the United States and is the basis for a part of the improved results of transplantation.*
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