Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-Scale International Project A Review of Progress and Opportunities (1998) / Chapter Skim
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INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Pages 5-12
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From page 5... ...
that the scientific community is now strongly motivated to meet the challenge of developing a real-time prediction capability on climatic time and space scales. However, both the application and the eventual utility of seasonal to interannual climate predictions also depend upon the ability to translate general circulation forecasts into significant hydrological information relevant to water resources management, agriculture, and forestry for · r.
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From page 6... ...
The heterogeneous land surface integrates these transient precipitation events over longer periods, so that streamflows tend to vary on daily to weekly time scales, depending on the size of the drainage basin. Except for short-term recharge events, the characteristic time scale of soil moisture fluctuations is weeks to months.
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7 ~ S A - ~ a ~ S~ By .= .= ~ ~ ~ ;~ O c~ ~ · ~ ~ O ,~ ~ ~ .= ~ 3 =^ ~ o ~ ~ ~ o ~ =.~ ~ Cal ~
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For the first time, these regional operational products will be archived and distributed as a basic resource for investigations of coupled atmospheric and hydrologic climate processes on spatial scales from local to continental and on time scales from hourly to interannual. Extensive regional observations are also being gathered, including many upper-air radiosondes, surface weather stations, rain gauges, and stream gauges, in addition to a dense meteorological radar network and satellite observing system [e.g., Geostationary OperationalEnvironmental Satellite (GOES)
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and associated Enhanced Seasonal Observing Periods (ESOPs) during which a wide range of special data sets will be assembled for further analyses and model validation.
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The continental-scale area is well resolved by GCIP's regional analysis as well as global analysis systems. The large area provides another way to link small-scale hydrologic processes to global climate models.
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Developing the ability to predict the hydrologic cycle and its components on seasonal to interannual time scales requires the integration of measurements, physical understanding, and models covering many space and time scales. GCIP aims to bridge this spectrum between microscale processes and the synopticscale circulation regime by delivering continental-scale field and data sets with the spatial and temporal resolution needed to characterize the continental atmospheric-hydrological water and energy budgets.
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Applying the methodologies and technical facilities developed for GCIP to a study of the Colorado River basin and surrounding mountain regions is a challenge for the future.
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