Ruminant Nitrogen Usage (1985) / Chapter Skim
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5 Degredation of Dietary Crude Protein in the Reticulo-Rumen
5 Degredation of Dietary Crude Protein in the Reticulo-Rumen
Pages 28-36
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From page 28... ...
Although rumen microbes may supply 60 to 80 percent of the amino acids (protein) absorbed from the intestine (AP)
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From page 29... ...
This suggests that use of a trypsin inhibitor may reduce ruminal protein breakdown and improve utilization of feed protein. Following proteolysis, liberated peptides or amino acids may leave the reticulo-rumen, be utilized for microbial growth, or be degraded to ammonia and fatty acids.
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From page 30... ...
Early reports of animal work, often quoted to relate protein solubility with protein degradation in the rumen, reveal no basis for equating soluble protein with degradable protein and insoluble protein with undegradable protein, except for extreme examples such as zein and casein (McDonald, l9S2; Chalmers et al., l9S4; el-Shaz~y, 1958; Tagari et al., 1962; Little et al., 1963; Whitelaw and Preston, 1963; Tagari, 1969~. Soluble proteins are generally more vulnerable to proteolysis than insoluble proteins.
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From page 31... ...
Fraction A is a water-soluble NPN fraction containing primarily nitrate, ammonia, amines, and free amino acids. Insoluble fractions include a rapidly degradable protein fraction B1, a more slowly degradable protein fraction B2, and an unavailable fraction C
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From page 32... ...
They feel that there is satisfactory agreement between the two methods for most feedstuffs, but that protein solubility gives lower estimates of degradation for cereals, soybean meals, and sugar beet pulps and higher estimates for horse beans and peas. With these feedstuffs, in vitro ammonia production estimates, rather than solubility estimates, were used, and these were termed "corrected solubility" values in their feedstuff tables.
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From page 33... ...
Cottonseed meal (screw press) Linseed meal Peanut meal Rapeseed meal Soybean meal Sunflower meal By-product feeds Blood meal Brewers dried 2 3 8 6 2 2 1 2 1 10 2 1 grains 5 Corn gluten meal Distillers dried grains Fish meal Meat meal 1 Meat and bone meal 3 2 2 Forages Alfalfa hay 4 Alfalfa (dehydrated)
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From page 34... ...
that mean retention time of forage particles was related to the log of feed intake. In conclusion, increased feed intake can reduce protein destruction in the rumen, but the influence of feed intake on residence time in the rumen and therefore on protein degradation is diminished as intake is increased.
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From page 35... ...
, resulting in little or no net increase in total protein supply to the intestine. Rumen pH could affect protein degradation by altering microbial activity and by changing protein solubility.
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From page 36... ...
There is great potential for protecting feed protein from excessive destruction and loss in the rumen. One of the major advantages of feeding protected protein would be greater opportunity for utilization of NPN for BCP synthesis in the rumen and the economy inherent with NPN use.
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