Biographical Memoirs Volume 74 (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Joseph Kaplan
Joseph Kaplan
Pages 178-191
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From page 179... ...
for five years he was a member of the Executive Committee of the International Committee of Scientific Unions. He playact a leacling role in establishing such significant programs as the International Hycirological Decacle en c!
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On graduating, he became a National Research Council fellow at Princeton University, where he continued his re search uncler Karl T Compton.
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In 192S, as a National Research Council fellow, Kaplan went to work in Karl Compton's Princeton University laboratory, where he began his laboratory studies of active nitrogen. Active nitrogen is proclucec!
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Current thinking about the source of excitation of the oxygen green line in the aurora is that the oxygen atom is excited by a collision with a metastable nitrogen molecule. This is the type of process that Kaplan was studying in the 1930s in his laboratory experiments on active nitrogen.
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that in laboratory afterglows that proclucec! the VegarcI-Kaplan bands, the atomic oxygen green line at 5577 A is also proclucec!
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2p state has a lifetime of about twenty seconds, a Tong time for a metastable atom in a small laboratory tube. When he repeated these experiments using a spectrograph sensitive to racliation in the visible part of the spectrum, he observer!
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leaclership for the U.S. part of this international scientific program to explore space.
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During the war years, Kaplan and Karl Gustav Rossbyof the University of Chicago were instrumental in helping the U.S. Air Force organize a major program to train weather officers at several universities with meteorology curricula.
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by the clistinguishec! British scientist Siciney Chapman in persuading the International Council of Scientific Unions to officially approve the International Geophysical Year (IGY)
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He was a member of the Executive Committee on Space Research from 1958 to 1967. From 1962 to 1967 he was a member of the Executive Committee of the parent organization of both of the above, the International Committee of Scientific Unions (ICSU)
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en c! the Air Force's Exceptional Civilian Service Awarc!
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47:193. 1936 The excitation of the auroral green line by metastable nitrogen molecules.
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From page 191... ...
41:49-65. 1956 United States programme for the International Geophysi Nature 178:665-67.
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