Antarctic Treaty System An Assessment: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at Beardmore South Field Camp, Antarctica, January 7-13, 1985 (1986) / Chapter Skim
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4. Antarctica Prior to the Antarctic Treaty: A Political and Legal Perspective
4. Antarctica Prior to the Antarctic Treaty: A Political and Legal Perspective
Pages 49-54
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From page 49... ...
The United Kingdom put under its control some of the best whaling grounds in the Southern Ocean. These included the Antarctic Peninsula and the islands east of it.
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From page 50... ...
The immediate post-World War II period, and especially the cold war period between the superpowers, also had its impact on antarctic politics. Nonrecognition of claims was continually and sometimes not very politely expressed, particularly by the united States and the USSR, every time one of the claimant countries took an initiative to enhance its claim by, among other things, offering facilities for expeditions, announcing the application of conventions in its antarctic territory, or recalling the status of its territory when a decision to overfly was announced by one of the nonclaimant states.
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From page 51... ...
Such was the case when the Axis captured three Norwegian whaling factory ships and eleven catcher ships off Queen Maud Land. The United Kingdom, with one eye on the Axis powers and another on Argentina, in order to stop the Axis from seizing control of the south side of the Drake Passage, intensified its naval activity in the Antarctic.
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From page 52... ...
A major consideration behind this agreement was the need to solve the problems between Argentina, the United Kingdom, and Chile in the face of common problems vis-a-vis the nonclaimants. Also in 1948, the United States decided to try to put an end to these and other problems by proposing the international administration of Antarctica by the seven claimant nations, with the United States declaring its sovereignty over the unclaimed sector.
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From page 53... ...
In the early 1950s, mainly because of the rejection of its proposals to internationalize Antarctica, the United States reconsidered establishing a claim as a means to ensure control of Antarctica by the United States and friendly nations. This concept excluded the USSR at a time of mounting cold war tensions.
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From page 54... ...
1983. A Pole Apart: The Emerging Issue of Antarctica, New Press, A Twentieth Century Fund Report, McGraw-Hill Book Company (New York)
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