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Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders A Review of the Evidence (1998) / Chapter Skim
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3 Seven Questions Posed by Congressman Robert Livingston
Pages 19-22

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 19...
... In the classification of back pain, a symptom classification is often used because the precise etiology of the painful process often cannot be identified. For specific disease entities, such as herniated disks, there are accepted diagnostic criteria that are based on clinical symptoms and signs, as well as imaging information.
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From page 20...
... In the judgment of the steering committee, it is not possible to make useful comparisons on the basis of these data. The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in any specific occupational group can be expected to reflect the tissue loads imposed by the work, the tissue tolerances of the mix of individuals doing it, and the other activities in their lives imposing related loads.
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From page 21...
... Question 7: What scientific questions remain unanswered, and may require further research, to determine which occupational activities in which specific industries cause or contribute to work-related musculoskeletal disorders? Looking at this web of evidence, we have reached three major conclusions: · Musculoskeletal disorders are a serious national problem: estimates of costs range from $13 to $20 billion annually.
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From page 22...
... within specific research areas; others would increase the connections among the areas. It is a strength of the science that it points to these specific opportunities (see the discussion of future research above)
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Key Terms

  • specific industries
  • diagnostic criteria
  • specific occupational
  • tissue tolerances
  • disease entities

  • loads imposed
  • diagnoses based
  • clinical symptoms
  • work activities
  • accepted diagnostic

  • biomechanical loads
  • invasive treatment
  • conditions described
  • imaging information
  • clinical diagnoses

  • related loads
  • scientific questions
  • billion annually
  • herniated disks
  • individuals doing

  • specific interventions
  • normal work
  • questions remain
  • automotive design
  • appropriately designed

  • designed epidemiological
  • cartilage involving
  • epidemiological literature
  • specific occupations
  • musculoskeletal conditions


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