Plasmas and Fluids (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Glosary
Glosary
Pages 283-306
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From page 283... ...
Many astronomers believe that mass accretion onto massive black holes at the centers of active galaxies are responsible for the enormous energy outputs of Seyfert galaxies, radio galaxies, and quasars. It is possible that all galaxies have nuclei that are active to some degree.
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From page 284... ...
Alfve'n waves. Waves of a much lower frequency than the ion cyclotron frequency, occurring in a plasma or in a conducting fluid immersed in a magnetic field and characterized by a transverse motion of the lines of force together with the plasma.
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From page 285... ...
An orbit with a banana shape that charged particles can follow in a toroidal magnetic field.
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From page 286... ...
Decay of an intense laser light wave into a scattered light wave and an ion acoustic wave. Occurs in the low-density plasma surrounding an irradiated target in inertialconfinement fusion.
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From page 287... ...
A toroidal confinement configuration utilizing poloidal magnetic fields but no externally produced toroidal field. Its compactness arises from the absence of toroidal field coils linking the doughnut-shaped plasma.
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Cyclotron radiation. Radiation emitted at the cyclotron frequency by charged particles in a magnetic field as a result of their natural gyration in that field.
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From page 289... ...
Electron cyclotron resonance heating. Mode of heating of a plasma by resonant absorption of energy based on waves induced in the plasma at the cyclotron frequency of the electrons or at harmonics of the cyclotron frequency.
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Field-reversed configuration. A confinement configuration of the compact toroid class that utilizes poloidal magnetic fields only.
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From page 291... ...
Usually refers to the trajectory of a field line or charged particle in a configuration with both toroidal and poloidal magnetic fields. Hertz.
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A process, inverse to that of bremsstrahlung radiation, in which electromagnetic waves (especially laser light in inertial confinement fusion) are absorbed by collisional defections of electrons vibrating in the wave fields.
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Hydromagnetic instability that sometimes develops in a plasma column carrying a strong axial current. The column becomes unstable and undergoes a gross lateral displacement toward the walls of the discharge vessel.
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From page 294... ...
A resonance in a magnetized plasma that involves aspects of both parallel bunching, characterized by the plasma frequency, and perpendicular particle motion, characterized by the cyclotron frequency. The lower-hybrid resonance frequency is intermediate between the electron and ion cyclotron frequencies.
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From page 295... ...
Waves of frequencies comparable with, or lower than, the ion cyclotron frequency, occurring in a plasma immersed in a magnetic field and characterized by compression of the plasma transverse to the field. Used in ion cyclotron resonance heating.
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From page 296... ...
A technique for heating plasmas in which hydrogenic ions are accelerated to high energies, neutralized, injected across the magnetic field of a confinement device, and subsequently ionized by the plasma inside the magnetic container. Neutron.
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From page 297... ...
For example, decay of an intense laser light wave into a plasma wave and an ion acoustic wave. Parametric instability.
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From page 298... ...
Electromagnetic radiation emitted from a plasma, primarily by free electrons undergoing transitions to other free states
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Rapidly spinning magnetized neutron stars that generate beams of electromagnetic radiation, usually radio emissions, in their rotating magnetospheres. These emissions are detected as periodically spaced pulses that repeat at the spin frequency of the parent neutron star.
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From page 300... ...
Decay of an intense laser light wave into a scattered light wave and a plasma wave. Occurs in the low-density plasma surrounding an irradiated target in inertial-confinement fus~on.
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From page 301... ...
Solar coronal holes. Solar coronal holes are open magnetic-field configurations in which the corona in the solar wind is generated.
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From page 302... ...
Spheromak. A confinement configuration of the compact toroid class that utilizes toroidal and poloidal magnetic fields of comparable magnitude but differs from the tokamak and reversed-field pinch in that the toroidal field is produced entirely by currents within the plasma.
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From page 303... ...
Resistive instability that grows at a rate slower than the MHD rate but faster than the skin diffusion rate. The instability tears poloidal field lines and reconnects them into a new state of lower magnetic energy.
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The process in which alpha particles from D-T fusion reactions can sustain the plasma temperature, thereby prolonging the reacting conditions until much of the D-T fuel is consumed. Thermonuclear conditions.
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X ray. A form of electromagnetic radiation emitted either when the inner orbital electrons of an excited atom return to their normal state or when a metal target is bombarded with high-speed electrons.
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Key Terms
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