Separation Technologies for the Industries of the Future (1998) / Chapter Skim
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11 Conclusions and Recommendations
11 Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 97-104
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From page 97... ...
KEY SEPARATION PROCESS NEEDS In its analysis of key separation process needs, the panel included the seven industries involved in the OIT research program at the time of the panel's inception. These seven industries are the chemical, petroleum refining, aluminum, steel, metal casting, glass, and forest products industries.
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From page 98... ...
separations associated with chemical reactions, in other words, methods that combine reaction and separation in one process step (reactive metal complex sorbents and chemically facilitated transport membranes; coupled chemical synthesis and separation processes; membrane reactors; and electrochemical methods of separation) Bulk Sorting Technologies for the Materials Processing Industries A number of the materials processing industries (aluminum, steel, metal casting, glass, and the polymer-recycling sector of the chemical industry)
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From page 99... ...
Examples of separation needs regarding dilute gaseous streams include the removal of VOCs from various gases in the petroleum refining and steel industries; the removal of NOx, SOx, VOCs, and particulates from aluminum effluent streams; and the removal of CO2 from O2 combustion product exhaust streams. Examples of separation needs regarding dilute aqueous streams include: the separation of metal salts, inorganic compounds, and particulate matter from aqueous streams in the chemical industry; the removal of organics from wastewaters in the petroleum refining industry; and the removal of contaminants, such as inorganics and alkalisoluble elements, from pulping streams in the forest products industry.
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From page 100... ...
Examples include: the removal of solvents from polymers (devolatilization) in the chemical industry; the removal of entrained water from crude oil and the drying of natural gas in the petroleum refining industry; the drying of ceramic casting materials and reclamation sand in the metal casting industry; the drying of paper in the papermaking process of the forest products industry; and the drying of sludges from waste gas scrubbing and wastewater treatment.
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From page 101... ...
· inorganuc membranes, including thin, nanostructured membranes for gas separations (research should be focused on molecular template-directed synthesis of nanostructured zeolite or inorganic materials and an economical synthesis of carbon molecular sieve membranes with uniform and small pore sizes) polymer-inorganic hybrid materials for high-selectivity applications (research should be focused on tunable synthesis and the fabrication of low-cost membrane modules)
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From page 102... ...
To supply the critical thermodynamic information for many separations in these areas, advanced analytical-chemistry technology must be combined with phaseequilibrium equipment, followed by the derivation of correlations that accurately describe and generalize the experimental data. Particle Characterization Particles are ubiquitous in industrial processes.
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From page 103... ...
First of all, fundamentally oriented, diffuse projects will not be likely to have commercial applications by 2020, except in cases where the experimental data obtained can have a significant impact on the large existing capital-equipment base of the IOF industries. Second, each project should include process design and economics components, including the economics of the current technologies against which the proposed technology will be evaluated and reasonable economic targets.
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From page 104... ...
· New Technologies. Projects for the development of new separation technologies should be multidisciplinary and should be potentially scaleable to production volume, both in technical and economic terms.
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