Naval Expeditionary Logistics Enabling Operational Maneuver from the Sea (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-12
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Naval expeditionary logistics, which is about moving naval forces and sustaining their operations in a broad array of environments, figures prominently in the new vision. The role of maritime prepositioning will be expanded from the current at-sea warehousing of Marine Corps equipment to include at-sea arrival and assembly of forces, thereby eliminating the need for airfields and ports in the immediate area of operations.
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The path from the present to the future is an iterative process of postulating desired operational capability, determining the logistics capability needed to support those operations, and adjusting both in a search for a balance among warfighting needs, logistics requirements, implementation costs, and risks. At each cycle of the process, senior Navy and Marine Corps leaders, selecting among packages of realistic, coherent options, will make the key decisions that step progressively closer to the reality of future forces and set in motion the next iteration of the process.
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"A Concept for Advanced Expeditionary Fire Support -- The System After Next," April 1998* "Sea-Based Logistics: A 21st Century Warfighting Concept," May 1998*
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For, at its current stage of development, OMFTS is open to a wide range of interpretations, both within the naval services and beyond. Resolving the various interpretations of six key features, in particular, is essential to defining future OMFTS logistics needs: 1.
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For example, war games and analytical work conducted thus far to support assessments of OMFTS logistics have tended to project today's forces operating under what are thought to be the new OMFTS concepts, thereby resulting in a combination of "old think/new think" that confuses both the interpretation of OMFTS and the assessment of logistics needs. Role of Naval Fire Support Vis-à-Vis Ground Artillery The Navy is making large investments in the development of long-range naval guns, land-attack missiles, and precision guided munitions.
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If large Marine Corps air-ground task forces are to be deployed and sustained without the benefit of overseas facilities, some substitute for those facilities, such as a mobile offshore base, may be needed for assembly of maritime prepositioning forces and for transshipment of sustainment supplies from container ships and cargo aircraft. Thus, decisions about whether or not to rely on overseas facilities could have a major impact on the design and cost of the future naval expeditionary logistics system.
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of the supplies and support activities at sea, naval expeditionary forces could both reduce the vulnerability of logistics 5Although this study did not address the combat-related issue of protecting the logistics force, it is apparent that both the support ships at sea and the lines of supply (including air routes) might need substantial protection in a hostile environment.
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By selecting either the first option on every issue or the second option on every issue, two completely different OMFTS logistics requirements can be generated. For example, the set of first options yields a light force, with no organic artillery, using overseas facilities to deploy, resupply, and reconstitute, closing to over-the-shore distances early in the operation, supporting large forces only 50 miles inland, and making a transition to shore-based support.
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The new OMFTS warfighting concepts and the emphasis placed on sea basing to reduce the logistics footprint ashore are likely to require a materially different logistics concept of operations and supporting set of forces, capabilities, and processes. A defined logistics concept is needed both to guide assessment of organizational, procedural, and equipment needs and to influence, through the iterative process, design of the overall OMFTS concept of operations and operational imperatives.
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The emerging new strategy, now in its early stages of development, focuses on providing only essential care in-theater, with the injured being evacuated rapidly via enhanced aeromedical evacuation capabilities to definitive care facilities in CONUS and elsewhere throughout the world. The approach outlined in "Casualty Care Concept for Marine Corps Operational Maneuver From the Sea"6 (draft)
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The potential implications of this concept and model are profound. They include the need to redirect medical training, research and development, infrastructure and equipment investments, and management to the critical features of the new system: Marines who are trained to stop bleeding and aid breathing of a wounded "buddy," corpsmen who are trained and equipped to provide simple but effective lifesaving trauma care on the battlefield; forward surgical teams who are trained and equipped to practice combat trauma care in small, austere, deployable medical facilities; and means of aeromedical evacuation that provide essential en route patient monitoring and care.
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The Marine Corps should adjust the evolution of OMFTS concepts, maneuver force design, and aircraft and shipbuilding programs to ensure that operational and logistics capabilities are appropriately sized and balanced. • The Navy and Marine Corps should determine the technical feasibility, costs, and operational value of a ship-capable, fixed-wing STOL transport aircraft and a complementary, fixed-wing-capable logistics ship that could substantially increase the naval forces' capability to support large ground units long distances from a sea base.
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