Capitalizing on Investments in Science and Technology (1999) / Chapter Skim
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4 Sustaining and Enhancing the Ability to Capitalize: Study Findings
4 Sustaining and Enhancing the Ability to Capitalize: Study Findings
Pages 45-51
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From page 45... ...
Industries faced serious challenges in global markets (Dertouzos et al., 1989~. Foreignbased companies used superior product development and manufacturing to surge forward in high-technology industries pioneered in the United States.
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From page 46... ...
The discussion in Chapter 3 illustrates the complexity of the emerging challenges and reinforces the caution expressed in Chapter 2, against formulating policies based on overly simple models of innovation. Finding 2: The key elements contributing to effective capitalization are · strong, stablefundingfor a portfolio of research investments that is diverse in terms offenders, performers, time horizons, and motivations; afavorable environmentfor capitalizing, characterized by a strong incentive structure for investors, competition in the market, and free movement of ideas and people between institutions; a skilled,fiexible science and engineering human resource base that allows the United States to maintain research at the cutting edge and to capitalize effectively; mechanismsfor research and capitalization that support cooperation between academic, industry, and government sectors.
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From page 47... ...
In the case of materials research, for example, facilities and equipment in several foreign universities now outclass those at most universities in the United States. Of particular concern is the need for modern equipment for materials synthesis and processing, where the United States lags Europe and Japan (COSEPUP, 1998, p.
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From page 48... ...
Yet little is known about how different types of grants may alter student or faculty behavior. During a joint COSEPUP-National Academy of Engineering workshop on the Role of Human Capital in Capitalizing on Research, experts in the computer networking field stated that commercial growth is so strong that students inclined to work in industry have excellent job prospects with a bachelor's or master's degree.
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From page 49... ...
In particular, university-industry collaborations that transcend disciplinary barriers and focus on real-world problems bring many benefits, such as exposing students to the industrial environment and culture and allowing industry access to cutting-edge research. In most cases, project initiation and technology transfer decisions should be made by the private sector; the internal effort and skill of firms are the essential ingredients of innovation.
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From page 50... ...
Innovative partnerships are being tried by state governments. The Minnesota Technology Partnership Fund seeks to stimulate relationships between small companies and postsecondary institutions.
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From page 51... ...
Other issues, such as product liability, have been mentioned as barriers to innovation in particular industries (Hunziker and ~ones, 1994~. In short, it will not be enough for the United States to ensure a strong, diverse portfolio of science and technology investments, strengthen science and engineering human resources, and facilitate cooperation between sectors.
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