Biographical Memoirs Volume 56 (1987) / Chapter Skim
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William H. Stein
William H. Stein
Pages 414-441
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At sixteen, he transferred to a preparatory school in New England, Phillips Exeter Academy, which offered a clemanding educational experience that he felt strengthened his work habits and his precision of writing.
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G Miller, Jr.; the subject was the amino acid composition of elastin.
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His first contribution to methoctology was his introduction of the concept of the solubility product method in an attempt to permit quantitative results to be obtained with reagents that gave sparingly soluble salts of amino acids. Stanford Moore joined the Bergmann laboratory in 1939, arriving via Vanclerbilt ant!
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Gasser offered the two young investigators an opportunity, on a trial basis, to initiate a research program that might merit continuccI support. With that challenge, they starte(1 with the premise, born of the Bergmann years, that accurate establishment of the amino acid compositions of proteins is a first step toward progress in determination of their chemical structures.
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Over a period of several years, quantitative systems with starch columns were clevelopecl for determining all of the common amino acids of protein hydrolysates and were .
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to the use of buyers of different pHs at different temperatures for the serial elusion of all of the common amino acids of proteins and of physiological fluicts. In the early 1950s, the time for each analysis was reclucect to about five clays.
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From page 421... ...
And an enzyme would be an appealing subject for stucly because the structural knowledge couict provide a baseline for determination of specific residues involved in the enzyme-substrate interactions. Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease, a protein about twice the size of insulin, was readily available ant]
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Through experiments begun by Gerd GundIach' amino acid analysis was used to show that, depending upon pH, the reagent could alkylate primarily methionine, histidine, or lysine residues in the enzyme. Arthur Crestfield showed that in thirty minutes at pH 5.5, the principal reaction was with the imidazole group of
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From the investigations of the two young men, there grew a decade of research on the effectiveness of the carbamylation of hemoglobin S in converting the molecule to one of almost normal physiological function. From RNase A, with 124 amino acid residues, attention
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, streptococcal proteinase (with Tehyung Liu, William FerctinancI, Brenda Gerwin, Norbert Neumann, Michael C Lin, anti Michael Bustin, in cooperation with the enzyme's discoverer, Stuart D
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In cooperation with Harris Tallan, the free amino acids of mammalian tissues were also surveyed in cletail. Out of these several studies grew the identification of 3-methy~histictine and tyrosine-O-sulfate as normal constituents of human urine, anc!
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426 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS New York, i 947-74; and member of the Council of the Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness of NIH,196166. He was vice-chairman of the U.S.
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Harte as full-time executive secretary of the Society; Harte was macle business manager of the Journal and Edith Wolff was the first executive assistant. A staff was thus establishecI to hancIle the innumerable business details associated with receiving more than 3,000 manuscripts annually and managing the publication of editorially acceptable texts.
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A life of sixty-eight years filled with unusual measures of accomplishment, acclaim, anti suffering came to a close on February 2, 1980, when William Stein diecI suddenly from heart failure at his home in New York. Among the many honors that Stein received were election to the National Academy of Sciences in 1960 and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in the same year.
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, and the Award of Excellence Meclal from the Columbia University Graduate Faculty and Alumni Association ~ ~ 973~.
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Doherty and Max Bergmann. Aromatic sulfonic acids as reagents for amino acids.
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Determination of amino acids by the solubility product method.
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Chromatography of amino acids on sulfonated polystyrene resins.~.
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A modified ninhydrin reagent for the photometric determination of amino acids and related compounds.
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Studies on the free amino acids and related compounds in the tissues of the cat.
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Spackman. Chromatography of amino acids on sulfonated polystyrene resins.
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Smyth and Stanford Moore. The sequence of amino acid residues of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease: revisions and confirmations.
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Chromatographic determination of amino acids by the use of automatic recording equipment. In: Methods in Enzymology, ed.
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Lin and Stanford Moore. Further studies on the alkylation of the histidine residues at the active site of pancreatic ribonuclease.
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Bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease A Isolation, composition, and amino acid sequences of the tryptic and chymotryptic peptides.
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1977 With Jacques Bartholeyns, Dalton Wang, Peter Blackburn, Glynn Wilson, and Stanford Moore. Explanation of the observation of pancreatic ribonuclease activity at pH 4.5.
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