Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention Interim Report (1996) / Chapter Skim
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2 Ship Safety and Protection of the Marine Environment
2 Ship Safety and Protection of the Marine Environment
Pages 14-19
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From page 14... ...
that single-hull tankers must be replaced by double-hull tankers according to a schedule beginning in 1995 and running through 2015 and (2) that existing single-hull tankers must undergo structural and operational modifications in order to continue operating until retirement under the prescribed schedule.
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From page 15... ...
The committee will: · review the history and causes of oil spills · examine the effectiveness of double-hull designs in reducing oil outflow · identify and assess the effectiveness of structural and operational modifications to existing single-hull tankers in reducing oil outflow Other factors that reduce the probability of casualties and spills include IMO regulations 13F and 13G, port statei actions, industry initiatives in vetting by charterers, and enhanced surveys. The consequences must also be evaluated by the committee because they influence the enforcement of regulations for preventing accidents and oil spills.
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From page 17... ...
The proposed regulations address operational changes, bridge resource management training, work-time restrictions, enhanced surveys, maneuvering standards, and requirements for under-keel clearance.4 These regulations are intended to reduce potential casualties. Still to be developed and promulgated are regulations to reduce potential oil spillage through structural changes or vessel-loading practices.
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From page 18... ...
Port Safety, Enhanced Surveys, and Improved Vetting The three initiatives described above are intented to reduce the number of substandard vessels currently being used, at least in countries actively pursuing the initiatives. The committee will investigate the activities of major port states, classification societies, and major charterers in identifying substandard vessels (and the owners and registry of vessels)
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From page 19... ...
The committee believes that existing data sources are adequate in this respect and that the apparent decline in structure-related casualties in the past several years can be tested for statistical significance. To the extent that statistical results will allow, a comparative oil outflow evaluation of single- versus double-hull designs will be used to determine how full implementation of Section 4115 might alter future trends in oil spillage.
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