Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors (1996) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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is used to operate the ship. The Navy's Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board has considered the potential for storage and operation of the fueied vehicles in the shipts cargo holds to be hazardous to naval service personnel exposed to fuel vapors cluring the servicing of these vehicles or while working in their vicinity.
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Those interim exposure limits were based on the board's review of the manufacturers' technical documentation and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health's recommendations for maximum exposure to refined petroleum solvents.
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Central Nervous System In one epidemiological investigation, 30 workers exposed to jet fuel at a Sweetish jet-motor factory for an average of ~ 7 years were studied for possible adverse health effects. The TWA exposure concentrations from one-time measurements of woricers in ctifferent job categories were calculated to be 420 mg~m3 for component testers, ~ 30 mgAm3 for engine testers, and ~ 90-250 mg/m3 for mechanics.
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In one stucly, rats exposed to JP-5 vapors at concentrations of I,~00 or ~,600 mglm3 for 6 hr per day, 5 clays per week for 6 weelcs showed no evidence of adverse effects on the liver. In the second study, rats, mice, dogs, and monkeys exposed to IP-4 vapors at 2,500 or 5,000 mg~m3 for 6 hr per day, 5 days per week for ~ months showed no evidence of exposure-related effects except a slight increase in liver weight in the female rats.
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Exposure to benzene appears to be of consequence in many of the excesses found. In tong-term animal studies involving inhalation exposure to unIeacled gasoline, kidney cancers were observed only in male rats.
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Exposure conditions in the studies that resulted in excessive skin damage are unlikely to occur on Navy ships. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has not recommended exposure limits for the military fuels that are the subject of this report.
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If a potential for exposure to aerosolized fuel exists, protective clothing and respiratory equipment should be worn. · The Navy should complete the following research to improve its ability to assess the health risks associated with the use of military fuels: Obtain information on exposures occurring during operational procedures, inclucling exposures to respirable aerosols of unburned fuels.
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- Conduct studies on the possible effects of high-level acute and low-level chronic exposure to military fuel vapors on the CNS, including the effects on the performance of personnel. At present, very little information exists.
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