Dose Reconstruction for the Fernald Facility A Review of Task 4 (1994) / Chapter Skim
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III. EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND DOSE ASSESSMENT
III. EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND DOSE ASSESSMENT
Pages 19-27
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From page 19... ...
In addition, closes from external irradiation will result from y radiation emitted from the storage silos. Exposure pathways resulting from atmospheric releases are discussed in Appendixes O and Q
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From page 20... ...
The screening exercise described in Appendix C is a step in the right direction, but it is not as useful as it could have been for several reasons: · Direct ~ exposure from radiation is not considered · The doses that result from inhalation of radon decay products are not included among the consequences of atmospheric releases · Drinking water is considered in estimating the doses from surface-water releases, even though the Great Miami River is not used as a drinking-water source · The doses from groundwater releases are not considered · The doses from the various sources are not compared on the same absolute scale.
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From page 21... ...
According to NCRP Report 77 (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 1984a) , the five food categories that contribute most to uranium intake from natural background in the United States are, in order of decreasing importance: potatoes, meat, fresh fruit, bakery products, and dairy products.
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From page 22... ...
The report does not discuss methodology or parameter values needed to estimate radionuclide concentrations in prepared foodstuffs. The influence of the physicochemical forms of the radionuclide releases on the resulting concentrations in agricultural products is not discussed.
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From page 23... ...
Pathways of exposure to contaminated river water include direct consumption, swimming, boating, shoreline exposure, consumption of fish, and consumption of irrigated crops. A screening exercise is carried out using two approaches: the NCRP Screening Method and the GENII model, using source term estimates for 1960-1962.
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From page 24... ...
As previously mentioned, foodstuffs are usually consumed by people after some culinary preparation, and the report does not discuss the methodology and parameter values needed to estimate the radionuclide concentrations in prepared foodstuffs. The committee assumes that external irradiation ought to be considered.
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From page 25... ...
These data bases were of varying usefulness, but even in the composite they still require considerable interpolation and extrapolation to estimate population sizes over time. Several approaches to modeling population growth were attempted based on information from these data bases.
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From page 26... ...
The purpose of the demographic modeling process was to provide a matrix of population size by calendar time, which is a fundamental building block in estimating the person-dose distribution and the person-years at risk for use in possible epidemiologic studies. The demographic estimates provided are credible and basically adequate.
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From page 27... ...
Also, the effective dose need not be calculated because the epidemiologists are interested only in annual doses to specific tissues or organs. The influence of the chemical form on the dose coefficient must be considered.
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