New Vaccine Development Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: The Burden of Disease Resulting from Acute Respiratory Illness
Appendix B: The Burden of Disease Resulting from Acute Respiratory Illness
Pages 149-158
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Table B.4 shows the estimated total noninfluenza ARI mortality for children. Little information from developing countries is available on the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections or their impact on mortality rates.
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Total Region Under 1 1-4 Under 5 60 and 5-14 15-59 Over Africa 23, 040 73,762 96,802 141,459 265,451 27,288 Asia 73, 400 270,300 343,700 666,402 1,472,242 179,656 Latin America 12,736 44,499 57,235 100,220 214,415 25,130 Oceania 187 635 822 1,285 2,620 273 Total 109,363 389,196 498,559 909,366 1,954,728 232,347 TABLE B.2 Estimated Mortality in Developing Countries Due to Acute Respiratory Infections (deaths/100,000 population/yeara) Age Group (years)
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Total Region Under 1 1-4 Under 5 5-14 Africa 345.6 368.810 714.41 28.3 Asia 880.8 540.6 1,421.4 133.3 Latin America 165.6 57.8 223.4 13.0 Oceania 0.374 0.064 0.44 0.0129 Total 1,392.4 967.3 2,359.7 174.6 aDerived by application of the rates shown in Table B.2 to the population estimates shown in Table B.1. Few studies have been undertaken on viruses as a cause of lower respiratory tract infection or mortality in developing countries.
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(1983) reported data on acute lower respiratory tract children under 5 years of age attending ambulatory clinics A viral diagnosis was reported in 20 percent of cases: in 9 percent and parainfluenza viruses in 2.1 percent.
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UNCERTAINTY IN THE DISEASE BURDEN ESTIMATES Advisers to the committee expressed concerns about the limited knowledge from which the estimates described above are derived. Certain features of acute respiratory infections led the committee to conclude that the available data are probably not entirely reliable because of suspected bias.
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