New Vaccine Development Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D-2: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Escherichia coli
Appendix D-2: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Escherichia coli
Pages 178-185
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After binding to the enterocyte, the A subunit gains entrance to the cell and activates adenylate cyclase, leading to an accumulation of cyclic AMP. This in turn causes secretion by the crypt cells and decreased absorpThe committee gratefully acknowledges the efforts of R
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DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE Geographic Distribution of Disease Enterotoxigenic E cold have been shown to cause diarrhea worldwide, but seem to be far more common as a cause of diarrhea in developing countries (Dupont, 1982~.
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181 · — US to 0 0 · — :~ ED o .~ Jo to 4~ o To pa o.
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with delivery at the earliest current age of vaccine administration. Travelers to developing countries, primarily adults, constitute a second potential vaccine target group.
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The provision of clean water and improved sanitation in developing countries is desirable on many grounds but is unlikely to be a rapid solution to diarrhea prevention. In addition, for travelers, prophylactic antibiotics have been utilized and appear to prevent enterotoxigenic E
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In addition, CFA I and CFA II fimbrial vaccines administered orally or enterally stimulated intestinal SIgA antibody to CFA and resulted in protective immunity in animal models. Studies in humans with purified CFA vaccines are beginning.
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About 10 percent of the volunteers developed mild diarrhea, however, presumably as a consequence of colonization of the proximal small intestine. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, it is possible to construct an E cold vaccine strain engineered to produce large quantities of multiple colonization factor antigens, B subunit, and nerhans an ST toxoid.
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