Vessel Navigation and Traffic Services for Safe and Efficient Ports and Waterways Interim Report (1996) / Chapter Skim
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1 MANAGING U.S. WATERWAYS
1 MANAGING U.S. WATERWAYS
Pages 8-17
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From page 8... ...
To set the stage for 8 an examination of issues affecting implementation, this chapter outlines the main considerations for managing waterways, including the importance of waterborne commerce, current problems with the safety and efficiency of maritime transportation, the value of navigation information systems, and stakeholder interests in waterways management. Significance of Waterborne Commerce International trade has been a major factor in the dramatic worldwide economic growth of the second half of the twentieth century.
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From page 9... ...
. The contiguous 48 states receive about 1.4 million metric tons of crude oil and petroleum products per day by water, primarily from foreign sources but also from Alaska.
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Problems with Port Safety and Efficiency Fort and waterways management is a particular challenge in the United States not only because there is no centralized national control, but also because of the lengthy coastline, many large rivers, and the volume and diversity of shipping. In much of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East, where large single ports operated by national port authorities are common, new harbors have been constructed for the largest ships, and modern ports are considered instruments for achieving international economic gains.
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From page 11... ...
The value of the data is compromised by several factors, including the integrity of the locally maintained accident information and inaccurate details (Research and Special Projects Administration, 1995)
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. Navigation Information Systems/ Vessel Traffic Services Enhancements in navigation information systems can contribute significantly to the safety and efficiency of maritime transportation.
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From page 13... ...
Commercial stakeholders, for example, range from giant manufacturing companies that move cargo through port authority public terminals to small rural elevator owners who accumulate grain for transshipment on inland waterways to export elevators. Virtually all citizens benefit in some way from safe, efficient ports and waterways.
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ports to foreign markets (American Association of Port Authorities, 1994~. In 1993, the United States exported nearly $42 billion worth of agricultural products, with grain and grain products accounting for 28 percent of these exports (Bureau of the Census, 1994~.
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The years following that accident were marked by many maritime safety initiatives, including improvements in navigation information technologies and the deployment of VTS systems. But in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez ran aground outside the Prince William Sound VTS surveillance area and spilled 35,000 tons of Alaskan crude oil, the resulting damage and clean-up costs totaled several billion dollars (Office of Technology Assessment, 1990)
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From page 16... ...
Stakeholders in maritime transportation may be as varied as the population of the United States, but they share four interests pertinent to the present study: · ensuring the safety of lives and cargo, avoiding environmental damage, reducing costs of accidents, and promoting law enforcement and national security · moving vessels and cargo in and out of ports efficiently under all conditions · ensuring the smooth flow of goods from one mode of transport to another to save time and reduce costs · fostering economic growth, creating jobs and prosperity in the process These objectives can be reached if leadership, vision, and state-of-the-art technology, such as VTS, are combined. These elements have already been brought together in worldclass ports in Europe and the Far East.
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From page 17... ...
U.S. Deponent of Tr~spo~on.
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