Using Public Transportation to Reduce the Economic, Social and Human Costs of Personal Immobility (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-12
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However, public transportation systems have not kept pace with changing land use patterns and, as a result, many of the transportation disadvantaged now find fewer essential destinations available to them. The lack of personal mobility has economic, social and human costs, such as higher unemployment, reduced tax revenue, greater welfare and medical costs, and limited social potential.
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Almost four in ten American households do not have public transportation available within two miles.
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PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PRACTICES DIRECTED AT REDUCING PERSONAL IMMOBILITY ARE ECONOMICALLY BENEFICIAL. The full research document contains a Guide for Economic Analysis which describes the five steps recommended to perform an economic analysis of transit projects.
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Efficiency benefits in step 4, result from the shift oftrips from automobiles to transit, which typically improves the efficiency, safety, and environmental performance of the highway transportation system. RECOMMENDED STEPS FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS Step ~ DESCRIBE PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS AND COSTS Step 2 SELECT ECONOMIC FEATURES, UPDATE UNIT COSTS 1 ~ Step 3 DETERMINE PROJECT PATRONAGE, IDENTIFY MOBILITY BENEFITS Step 4 ESTIMATE EFFICIENCY BENEFITS OF PROJECT Step 5 CALCULATE AND INTERPRET ECONOMIC INDICES The table below depicts results of the economic analysis developed for six of the practices studied in this research.
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medical institutionalization of the indigent; ·: prevent crime by providing job training for employment and food for the hungry; ·: reduce the demand on more expensive and oversubscribed paratransit services; ·: provide an option to a costly ambulance ride for medical care; ·: increase the purchasing power enjoyed by transit riders with access to jobs or to broader market choices; and ·: relieve other agencies funded by tax dollars of transportation responsibilities and, thereby, increase their productivity If transit agencies could incorporate these benefits into new matrices for evaluation, transit's true value to society would be startlingly apparent. Benefit/Cost Ratio (a/b)
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PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES THAT ARE ABLE TO DEVELOP NEW ALLIANCES WITH NONTRADITIONAL PARTNERS WILL HAVE THE BEST RESULTS WITH TRANSPORTATION PRACTICES ADDRESSING WELFARE-TO-WORK, EMPLOYMENT AND HEALTH CARE. 600 PARTNERS PROVIDE ACCESS TO IMMEDIATE NEEDS The Metropolitan Transportation Authority underwrites both taxi vouchers and bus tokens, which are used by clients of 600 social service agencies in Los Angeles.
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. ~ socla1 service agencies school districts rider voluntary contributions group travel local cash contributions loans and lines of credit foundation grants Amtrak cities' and counties' general funds cities' federal Community Development block grants county congestion management agencies city bond measures city redevelopment funds cities' federal Enterprise Community funds state Medicaid transportation funds state Departments of Mental Health state Elderly and Handicapped Transportation Assistance Programs state Departments of Social Services U.S.
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Service operates to meet day and night shifts and is coordinated with the Marion County Department of Social Services. TRANSIT + ENTREPRENEUR= MORE MOBILITY The Metropolitan Transportation Authority's buses bring customers to the Numero Uno supermarket in South Central Los Angeles, where they can shop and return home with their groceries on free shuttles operated by the market.
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Including these simple, independent programs into the overall strategy of a company wit} reinforce the mobility management ethos of the organizations. Including them can also be more effective than considering them as TRANSIT VILLAGE BRINGS SERVICES TO THE PEOPLE The Bay Area Rapid Transit District will revitalize a rail station in a low-income neighborhood in Oakland, California.
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The collaborative efforts needed to tackle problems of immobility point to a role for social service agencies, community-based organizations, local governments, and employers, as well as transportation organizations. Public transit cannot tackle immobility alone.
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TELEVILLAGE IS AVIRTUAL : ... MAIN STREET : The Metropolitan Transportation Author7-ty's Blue Line TeleVillage contains a Telework Center, a computer lab with Internet access, a video conference center, and interactive kiosks.
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