Using Public Transportation to Reduce the Economic, Social and Human Costs of Personal Immobility (1998) / Chapter Skim
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OATS, Inc. (Columbia, Missouri)
OATS, Inc. (Columbia, Missouri)
Pages 199-222
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From page 201... ...
· Entrepreneurial management finds "w~n-win" situations. With a fleet of more than 300 vehicles, over 400 full- and part-time employees and paid drivers and more than 1,000 volunteers, it provides public transportation services and special contract services to 26,298 individuals, and 1.1 million annual one-way trips.
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From page 202... ...
Figure 1 State of Missouri OATS Service Area Northeast I Silo cub\ ~ ~Home Office ~oAiii If/ aced- , ~ ~ / i-~ 6 ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~7~ 1 UNCUT ~ AFAR JQH=ON HENRY SAUNE /HOWA~ / / I ~1~ ~1 Fans .
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From page 203... ...
They meet monthly, and interviews with a local committee revealed that such meetings provide a very important social function. Members were all senior women, typical of most county committees and of overall OATS ridership.
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From page 204... ...
Laurie and Gravois to Versailles 2nd Monday 4th Monday , Morgan County to Tipton Morgan County in country i 1st Tuesday ~ b~ _~S Florence and Stover to Versailles Morgan County to Jefferson City Morgan County to Jefferson City (includes nutrition) Morgan County to Columbia Morgan County to Eldon Morgan County to Osage Beach .
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From page 205... ...
Table ~ is a summary of the trip purposes of OATS trips. Essential shopping trips for groceries and other necessities is the largest trip purpose of OATS riders.
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From page 206... ...
They are truly the provider of choice for both individuals and mlmerous social service agencies in rural Missouri. OATS' BROAD FUNDING SOURCES AND CONTRACTING ROLES OATS has done an exemplary job of effectively coordinating a wide variety of funding sources to meet diverse community transportation needs in a very costeffective manner.
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From page 207... ...
TABLE 2 REVENUE BUDGET FY 1998 . ~ Local Funding Sources Budget Percent , Special Billings $1,616,735 24.~% l Rider Contributions 369,500 5.7% Group Travel IS0,500 2.~% Local Cash 132,375 2.~% Non-Transit Resource 20,350 0.3% SUBTOTAL 2,319,460 35.7% State Funding Sources Department of Mental Health 205,599 3.2% MEHTAP'i' 30,012 0.4% SUBTOTAL 235,611 3.6% Federal Funding Sources Area Agency on Agings' 2,643,825 40.6% .
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From page 208... ...
Table 3 provides samples of the type of different Ems that OATS has negotiated. TABLE 3 OATS SPECIAL BILLING TERMS Per hour Per hour of waiting time Per hour plus per mile Per one-way rural trip Per one-way urban trip Per one-way in-town trip Per one-way nutrition trip Per one-way areawide trip Per one-way ambulatory trip Other Local Funding Sources Per one-way wheelchair trip Per one-way adjacent county trip Per one-way beyond adjacent county trip Per day Per mile Per month Per zone Coordination cost per vehicle per day Direct expense reimbursement Rider contributions are voluntary and account for about 5.6% of the total operating budget.
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From page 209... ...
State Funding Direct state funding sources provide just 3.6% of the total OATS budget. Missouri Elderly and Handicapped Transportation Assistance Program (MEHTAP)
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From page 210... ...
Table 4 provides a summary of the estimated value of missing trips, auto trips, substitute paratransit trips, and lost volunteer service. If OATS service were not available, it is estimated that the total value of providing replacement transportation services and missed trips is approximately $9.6 million.
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From page 211... ...
Because many of the OATS contracts for employment and training trips are for developmentally disabled individuals, there is a higher probability that transportation would be provided by family members or alternative transportation contract arrangements would be made, such that only 25% of these trips are estimated to be missing trips. Experience with other rural transportation services has shown that friends, relatives, and volunteers are more likely to substitute transportation for medical trips than for other trip purposes.
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From page 212... ...
This is deters ined by adding the missing trip value, the auto trip value, the substitute paratransit trip value, and the value of lost volunteer services, totaling $13.9 million, and dividing it by OATS' net costs of $6.0 million. Net costs are OATS total costs minus rider contributions and local cash raised to offset OATS' costs.
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From page 213... ...
Local control and ownership of scarce resources. TABLE 5 SUMMARY OF OATS' BENEFITS AND COSTS 1 1 11 Annual value of missing trips$5,286,304 Annual value of auto trips$2,642,118 Annual value of other paratransit$6,68S,331 trips Annual value of lost volunteer$622,676 services | Total Annual Benefits | $13,939,330 || Costs Annual operating costs of OATS $6,611,700 Less rider contributions and local cash 601,876 Total Annual Costs $6,009,916 Ratio of Benefits to Costs 2.32 .
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From page 214... ...
Local Control of Scarce Resources The decentralized decision-making process for the utilization of scarce resources is very important to OATS' success. The volunteer county committees and the county contacts play a very important role in operating local services tailored to local needs while professional transit staff at OATS assure safety and quality of the service.
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From page 217... ...
For missing trips, auto trips, and substitute paratransit trips, an estimate is made of the percent of trips that might be included by trip purpose. Column a includes the 1996 one-way trips made by OATS.
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From page 218... ...
(D .m Q E _ ,~ ~ o C~ Co ~ C~ to - ~ - ~ C~ CO ~ _ ~ ~ ~ 0CO ~ Ct ~CO _ o 0 CO ~ CD o _CO `, ~ _ _ ~ cr)
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From page 219... ...
For discretionary trips, such as recreation and business trips, approximately 50% of the trips would not be made. Because many of the OATS contracts for employment and training trips are for developmentally disabled individuals, there is a higher probability that family member of alternative transportation contract arrangements would be made, such that only 25% of these trips are estimated to be missing trips.
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From page 220... ...
Substitute Paratransit Trips For trips to such destinations as dialysis appointments, trips would be still be provided by another transportation provider. Column j in Table A provides an estimate of the percentage of substitute paratransit trips by trip purpose and ranges from 20% for meal delivery trips to 45% for employment trips, heavily dominated by trips by the developmentally disabled.
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From page 221... ...
~, TABLE B SUMMARY OF OATS' BENEFITS AND COSTS Annual value of missing trips Annual value of auto trips Annual value of other paratransit trips Annual value of lost volunteer services Total Annual Benefits Costs Annual operating costs of OATS :Less rider contributions and local cash Total Annual Costs Ratio of Benefits to Costs Sensitivity Analysis $5,286,304 2,542,118 5,588,331 522,576 $13,939,330 $6,511,700 501,875 $6,009,915 2.32 The principle source of uncertainty in the foregoing analysis is the proportion of missing tried auto tries and substitute caratransit that would occur without ~ · ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ · rat ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ me ~ ~ · I ~ A anew ~ ~ OA1~ "columns a, I,, anal or lame A)
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From page 222... ...
The sensitivity analyses indicate that the economic analysis results are not particularly sensitive to the distribution of trips among the missing trip, auto trip, and substitute paratransit trip categories. The analysis is also not particularly sensitive to reasonable (+/- 25%)
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