International Benchmarking of US Materials Science and Engineering Research (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Electror~icar`d Optical-Photonic Materials 4.2.7. Superconducting Materials 4.2.8.
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7.5. Shifting federal and industry Ending priorities, a potential reduction in access to foreign talent, and deteriorating materials research facilities may curtail the ability of the United States to capitalize on leadership opportunities.
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International Benchmarking of US Matenals Science and Engineenug Research 11 . _ FIGURES, TABLES, and BOXES Figure 2.1: Inter-relationships among materials categories, 20 Figure 3.1: Number of materials science and engineering PhDs awarded, 1986-1995, 40 Figure 3.2: Employment status of PhD matenals scientists in the US, 41 Figure 3.3: Metallurgical/matenals eng~neenng graduate students in all institutions, by race/ethnicity and citizenship, 1993, 45 Figure 3.4: All engineenug graduate students in all institutions, by race/ethnicity and citizenship, 1993, 45 Figure 3.5: All science graduate students in all institutions, by race/ethnicity and citizenship, 1993, 45 Figure 3.6: Federal R&D Budget by Materials Class, in millions of US dollars, 47 Figure 3.7: National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research budget, 1990-1998, millions of dollars, 49 Figure 3.~: National Science Foundation Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences, average annualized award size, competitive research grants, 1992-1996, thousands of dollars, 50 Figure 3.9: National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research, permanent equipment budget, 1990-1996, millions of dollars, 50 Figure 4.1: Papers submitted and accepted for Magnetism and Magnetic Matenals' annual conferences, 1989-1996, 56 Figure 5.1: Scientists and engineers admitted to the US on permanent visas by labor certification, 1990-1994, 67 Figure 5.2: Foreign Citizen Graduate Enrollment in Science and Engineenng in the United States, 1983-1993, 67 Table 3.1: Major Scientific Awards for, or Strongly Influenced by, Neutron Scattering Research, 33 Table 3.2: Research Reactors, US, 34 Table 3.3: Research Reactors, Abroad, 34 Table 3.4: Spallation Sources, US, 35 Table 3.5: Spallation Sources, Abroad, 35 Table 3.6: Synchrotron Light Source, Operations in G7 Countries, 36 Table 3.7: Employment Status of Doctorates in Matenals Science and Engineenng in the US, 42 Table 3.8: Occupation Status of Doctorates in Materials Science and Engineenng in the US, 43 Table 3.9: Number of Doctorate Recipients by Gender and Subfield, 46 Table 3.10: Percentage of First Degrees in Science and Engineenng to Women among G-6 Nations, 46 Table 3.11: Federal R&D Budget for Matenals Research by Agency, in millions of US dollars, 48 Table 5.1: Decline in the Admissions into the US of Immigrant Scientists and Engineers from FY 1993 to FY 1994, 68 Box 2.1: Classes of Materials, 21 Box 3.1: The Federation of Materials Societies, 30 Box 3.2: International Union of Matenals Research Societies, 31 Box 3.3: The MOSIS Service, 37
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12 International Benchmarking of US Materials Science and Engineering Research .
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