New Vistas in Transatlantic Science and Technology Cooperation (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Appendixes
Appendixes
Pages 103-160
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From page 103... ...
The central objectives of community research policy are to reinforce and mobilize the EU's scientific and technological capabilities in support of industry, the economy, and quality of life. The Fifth Framework Programme (1998 to 2002)
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FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES FOR EUROPEAN COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH Nature of Framework Programme Under the present treaties, the Framework Programme* encompasses all of the research activities carried out by the KU.
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From page 105... ...
. Evolution of the Framework Programmes The first Framework Programme was established in 1984 as an umbrella for a number of research activities that had been developed earlier under the European Community and Euratom treaties.
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From page 106... ...
Stronger links are needed to industrial competitiveness, community policies, innovation, infrastructures, and the concerns of citizens. Selection Criteria The targeted and selective approach of the Fifth Framework Programme requires in addition to European added value specific criteria that assure the rel
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From page 107... ...
These changes should ensure that re search efforts undertaken are effectively translated into practical and visible results. In contrast to the disciplinary structure of the Fourth Framework Programme, involving some 20 separate specific research programs, the commission has proposed a Fifth Framework Programme organized around seven individual programs that include four thematic programs and three horizontal programs, with a budget of 16.3 billion ecu over four years.
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From page 112... ...
The Fifth Framework Programme has been designed to address socioeconomic research in several fronts. First, socioeconomic research is of importance in the thematic programs.
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From page 116... ...
European Commission, Science, Research, Development: Inventing Tomorrow, Europe's Research at the Service of Its People, Preliminary Guidelines for the Fifth Framework Programme. Green Paper on Innovation, Bulletin of the European Union, Supplement 5/95.
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From page 117... ...
Technology must be developed to support the locating, translating, browsing, and dissemination of multilingual information of both spoken and written language. This technology can be deployed in many ways.
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From page 118... ...
Multilingual speech processing Research is required in the core area of multilingual speech recognition and synthesis, including the deployment of language identification and appropriate language switching, in an integrated system. · Large multilingual digital information collections Researchis required in the collection, standardization, deployment, and maintenance of text resources from the government (including the Census Bureau and Library of Congress)
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From page 119... ...
The participants articulated key areas to be addressed by this collaborative effort in support of multilingual information access: annotated, standardized multilingual resources; tools to develop the resources; evaluation paradigms to assess the state of the art and encourage progress in various technologies. These concerns reflect the growing importance and demonstrated success of data resources to support automated language processing applications.
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From page 120... ...
for research use. Tools One major challenge i' s to provide tools that enable multilingual resource creation and annotation.
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From page 121... ...
SUMMARY A research program of approximately five years is recommended to address the core obstacles preventing a fuller understanding of multilingual information access and to begin to foster a suitable climate for commercial exploitation. Such a program should include the following broad thrusts: development and support of multilingual resource creation, standardization, and maintenance; development of an evaluation paradigm and support of and evaluation program; and investigation of tie-ins of multilingual information access to related IT areas.
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From page 122... ...
High-speed, interconnected global networks like the Internet provide new ways to conduct commercial transactions, generate new markets and revenue streams, lower transactional costs, and forge new relationships between businesses and consumers." The goal of this subgroup is to identify concrete opportunities for cooperative activities between the United States and the European Union in the area of electronic commerce. We will seek to identify gaps in current research plans and work together to establish joint projects to fill them.
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From page 123... ...
RepresentativeTom Kalil, National Economic Council, White House. The breakout sessions are designed to identify concrete opportunities for cooperative activities in different thematic areas by bringing together policymakers and researchers from both sides of the Atlantic.
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From page 124... ...
The topics for the subgroups are next-generation Internet, electronic commerce, and translingual information management. We are very fortunate to have participation from top-level officials and an exceptionally broad range of experts.
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From page 125... ...
. Currently, through the auspices of many international organizations, the European Union and the United States are already sharing information and research in the areas listed above.
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From page 126... ...
Definition of the Next-Generation GPS Third civil signal. In March 1998, the Vice President announced that the United States would be modifying a military signal for use as a second civil signal and adding a third civil signal to the GPS satellites.
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From page 127... ...
Department of Transportation (DOT) and the staff of the European Commission in DGXIII, DGVII, most recently at the ITS World Congress in Berlin.
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From page 128... ...
Work is under way at DOT to determine the impact of the year 2000 computer problem on ITS s and to identify solutions. A national summit, hosted by DOT, will bring together state and local transportation officials, business leaders, transportation technology suppliers, and others to evaluate the year 2000 problem's possible effects on ITSs, identify solutions, and develop ways to promote their implementation nationwide.
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From page 129... ...
The Europeans have taken a much more bottom-up approach, focusing on a more carefully designed research-oriented effort. The European Commission's Transport Telematics Applications Programme (T-TAP)
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From page 130... ...
systems. Significant opportunities for cooperation, including joint research, exist in the intelligent vehicle arena.
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From page 131... ...
STRATEGIC ENABLING RESEARCH Research is derived from our need to respond to a changing world. Safety and security concerns, land-use and demographic trends, globalization of trade and economic growth, environmental preservation, and social policy concerns are some key challenges driving transportation research, in particular.
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From page 132... ...
. Recent technical advances have produced a wide variety of new materials and techniques to support research on new generations of vehicle components, vehicle propulsion systems, and transportation-related construction materials and techniques.
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From page 133... ...
New energy storage and vehicle propulsion systems like these offer enormous potential benefits for energy efficiency and emissions reductions and may be applicable to several modes of transportation. · Fuel cells; batteries; and hydrogen production, distribution, and storage are expected high-payoff research focus areas for fuel-efficient, environmentally benign vehicles.
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From page 134... ...
By fostering the development of trans-European networks, the European Commission has made a substantial effort to stimulate the growth of system-wide intermodal movements as a genuine alternative to road transportation. The United States is taking steps to eliminate transportation bottlenecks through requirements for coordinated transportation planning, assessing and investing intermodal connections to the
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From page 135... ...
Information Processing Data collection to support regulatory safeguards and trade analysis will be a major concern to the European Union when it eliminates all border crossings and attendant information checks. Data processing and collection constitute a major enabling factor for intermodal transportation growth in Europe; this electronic interchange includes four components: (1)
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From page 136... ...
, of the one part, and THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, of the other part, hereinafter referred to as the "Parties"; CONSIDERING the importance of science and technology for their economic and social development; RECOGNIZING that the Community and the Government of the United States of America are pursuing research and technological activities in a number of areas of common interest, and that participation in each other's research and development activities on a basis of reciprocity will provide mutual benefits; HAVING REGARD to the Declaration on EC-US Relations of November 23, 1990, and the New Transatlantic Agenda and the Joint KU-US Action Plan adopted in Madrid on December 3, 1995; DESIRING to establish a formal basis for cooperation in scientific and technological research which will extend and strengthen the conduct of cooperative ac 136
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From page 137... ...
"Cooperative activity" means any activity which the Parties undertake, or support, pursuant to this Agreement, and includes joint research; (b) "Information" means scientific or technical data, results or methods of research and development stemming from joint research, and any other data relating to cooperative activities; (c)
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From page 138... ...
ARTICLE 5 Forms of cooperative activities (a) Subject to applicable laws, regulations and policies, the Parties shall foster, to the fullest extent practicable, the involvement of participants in cooperative activities under this Agreement with a view to providing comparable opportunities for participation in their scientific and technological research and development activities.
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From page 139... ...
The coordination and facilitation of cooperative activities under this Agreement shall be accomplished on behalf of the Government of the United States of America by the Department of State and on behalf of the Community by the European Commission, acting as Executive Agents.
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From page 140... ...
However, costs, other than those for travel and accommodation, which are directly associated with meetings of the JCG, shall be borne by the host Party. ARTICLE 8 Entry of Personnel and Equipment Each Party shall take all reasonable steps and use its best efforts, within applicable laws and regulations, to facilitate entry to and exit from its territory of persons, material, data and equipment involved in or used in cooperative activities under this Agreement.
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From page 141... ...
ARTICLE 1 1 Territorial Application This Agreement shall apply, on the one hand to the territories in which the Treaty establishing the European Community is applied and under the conditions laid down in that Treaty, and on the other hand to the territory of the United States of America. This shall not prevent the conduct of cooperative activities on the high seas, outer space, or the territory of third countries, in accordance with international law.
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From page 142... ...
SCOPE A This Annex is applicable to all cooperative activities undertaken by the Parties or their participants pursuant to this Agreement, except as otherwise specifically agreed by the Parties.
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From page 143... ...
(a) For intellectual property which is or may be created during joint research, the Parties or their participants shall jointly develop a technology management plan.
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From page 144... ...
(c) "Joint research" means research that is implemented with financial support from one or both Parties and that involves collaboration by participants from both the Community and the United States of America and is designated as joint research in writing by the Parties or their scientific and technological organizations and agencies, or in the case where there is funding by only one Party, by that PartY and the participants in that project.
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From page 145... ...
AGREEMENT FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION 145 ter consult to define an appropriate course of action. Information may be identified as proprietary if it is secret in the sense that it is not, as a body or in the precise configuration or assembly of its components, generally known or readily accessible by lawful means; has actual or potential commercial value by virtue of its secrecy; has been subject to steps that were reasonable under the circumstances by the person lawfully in control, to maintain its secrecy; and not already in the possession of the recipient without an obligation concerning its confidentiality.
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From page 146... ...
Conference Participants Philip Abelson American Association for the Advancement of Science Jean-Francois Abramatic World Wide Web Consortium Enrico Alleva Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Italy Jane Alspach American Association of Engineering Societies Pablo Amor U.S. Delegation of the European Union Kiyoshi Ando Nikkei Anders Backlund Kvaerner Masa-Marine Ouahid Bakouche Embassy of France Dennis Baldocchi National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Elizabeth Baldwin Optical Society of America Wendy Baldwin National Institutes of Health Sharon Bank Transportation Research Board Thomas Barnwell National Exposure Research Laboratory Jon Baron Department of Defense David Beckler Carnegie Commission 146
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From page 147... ...
Blanc GEC Alsthom Signalling Wilhelmus Blonk European Commission, DGVII Joseph Bordogna National Science Foundation Michael Borrus University of California, Berkeley Brad Botwin Department of Commerce 147 Sandor Boyson University of Maryland Jeffrey Brancato National Science Foundation Rick Brennan GE Information Services Mel Briscoe United States Navy Richard Brook Engineering & Physical Sciences Research Council, UK Abraham Brouwer Wageninigen Agricultural University, The Netherlands Steven Buchsman Department of State John Cadogan CBE, FRS Research Councils, UK Joseph F Canny Department of Transportation Giulio Cantarella University of Reggio Calabria, Italy Fenton Carey Department of Transportation Steve Carpenter National Institute of Standards and Technology Ian Carter University of Glasgow
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From page 148... ...
Crawford Sandia National Laboratories Mark H Crawford New Technology Week Michael Crow Columbia University Ulrich Cubasch Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum GmbH, Germany Christina Curtin Environmental Science and Technology George Daston Procter & Gamble Mike Davey Congressional Research Service Fonseca de Moura Carnegie Mellon University Jim DeCorpo United States Navy
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From page 149... ...
Duplessy France Robert Eagan Sandia National Laboratories Paul Eckert Office of Senator John Breaux Martin Eichtinger Embassy of Austria Stuart E Eizenstat Department of State Frank Elfring United States Coast Guard Maria Eli The European Institute 149 Margarete Endl Journalist Stephen Eule House Science Committee Jean-Pierre Euzen European Commission Carey Fagan Federal Aviation Administration Ana Faisca Ministry of Science and Technology, Portugal Paolo Fasella Director General for Research, Italy Penelope A
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From page 150... ...
Glatz Trans-Atlantic Business Dialogue Francois Govaerts European Commission, DO XII Martin Grabert KOWI, Germany Nicholas E Graham International Research Institute Thomas Grandke Siemens Corporate Research, Inc.
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From page 151... ...
Harman National Institute of Standards and Technology Dan Hartley Sandia National Laboratories 151 Juris Hartmanis National Science Foundation Dr. Hasselman Max-Plank Institut, Germany Yvon Heckscher Heckscher Professional Group Susan Hedigan University College Dublin, Ireland Maria Hedqvist Embassy of Sweden Colin Helmer Department of State Bill Hendrickson Issues in Science and Technology Bert Herzog Computer Graphics, Inc.
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From page 152... ...
Airways James Jensen National Academy of Sciences Lynn Johnson National Academy of Science Peter Jones Transport Studies Group, UK Gary Jones Sandia National Laboratories Gilbert Kalb GMD German National Research Center for Information Technology Tom Kalil National Economic Council The White House Ray Kammer National Institute of Standards and Technology Marie-Ange Katzeff Embassy of Belgium Robert J Kavlock National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Samuel Kavruck Washington Counseletter Martin Kayser BASE
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From page 153... ...
Klus University of Wisconsin-Madison Martin Koubek Department of Transportation Steve Krauwer University of Utrecht, The Netherlands John Krebs, FRS Natural Environment Research Council, UK Norman Kreisman Department of Energy Anssi Kuj ala Embassy of Finland Damian Kulash ENO Foundation Kathleen Kunzer Chemical Manufacturers Association 153 Kristina A Kvien Department of State Patrice Laget US Delegation of the European Union Gordon John Lake European Parliament Richard Lamb ert Department of Health and Human Services Ron Larsen Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Lisbeth Lawrence United Medical & Dental Schools Graham Lawton Chemistry and Industry Magazine Carolyn Leep Chemical Manufacturers Association Hans Lehmann Kontakstelle Biomed, Germany Risto Lemmela Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Wil Lepkowski Chemical & Engineering News Josh Lerner Harvard Business School Michael Lesk National Science Foundation
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From page 154... ...
Mineta Lockheed Martin IMS Ana Mirones Portugal Alfonso Molina University of Edinburgh Michael Moloney Embassy of Ireland Linda Moodie National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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From page 155... ...
Bill Morin R Wayne Sayer & Associates Grant Moser Business Publishers Kelly Jacobs Mudd Environmental Protection Agency Mort Mullins Chemical Manufacturers Association Jeremiah Murphy Siemens Corporation Antonio Navarra Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy Eric A
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From page 156... ...
Rounsevell Cranfield University, UK Jorma Routti European Commission, DGXII Tom Rozzell National Research Council Roland Ruhle University of Stuttgart, Germany
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From page 157... ...
Wayne Sayer & Associates Wendy Schacht Congressional Research Service Dr. Schacke Ministry of Transportation, Denmark Ingolf Schaedler Federal Ministry for Science and Transport, Austria Wolfgang Schlump Embassy of Germany Wolfram Schoett Embassy of Germany Christopher Schonwalder National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 157 Gregory Schuckman American Association of Engineering Societies Craig Schultz National Research Council Stuart J.D.
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From page 158... ...
Testerman, II House Science Committee Costantino Thanos CNR, Italy Richard Thayer Telecommunications & Technologies International Bonnie H Thompson National Science Foundation
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From page 159... ...
Riccardo Valentini Universita della Tusscia, Italy Anja Van Dam Royal Netherlands Embassy Thierry van der Pyl European Commission, DGIII Reinder J Van Duinen European Science and Technology Assembly G
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From page 160... ...
Wormley Pennsylvania State University William Wulf National Academy of Engineering Kenneth Wykle Department of Transportation Dr. Yelloz GEC Alsthom Signalling Antonio Zampolli Instituto di Linguistica Computazionale, Italy
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