Development and Application of Small Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radars (1998) / Chapter Skim
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3 Validation Research
3 Validation Research
Pages 28-33
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From page 28... ...
interseism~c vector deformation mapping along faults and plate boundaries; (2) monitor crustal displacements associated with volcanic activity and determine the spatial extent of newly erupted material; and (3)
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From page 29... ...
, can be used to estimate biomass levels up to 250 to 300 metric tons per hectare. This biomass range includes all forests except mature oldgrowth forests in temperate regions and some tropical rain forests.
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ICE SHEETS AND GLACIERS Amplitude data alone permit the deterrn~nation of snow facies, seasonal melt, surface morphology, ice velocity in rapidly moving regions, and iceberg production. Several studies have demonstrated SAR capabilities for monitoring ice-sheet motion, ice topography, glacial surges, and flow dynamics of the Greenland ice sheet (Ioughin et al., 1995, 1996a,b; Rignot et al., 1995b)
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From page 31... ...
Truck-mounted, aircraft, and ERS-1 measurements from the 1960s to the present have confirmed the correlation of radar backscatter with surface soil moisture (Dubois et al., 1995; Ulaby et al., 1996; Waite and McDonald, 1971~. The nature of the interaction between a radar signal and the terrain is strongly affected by surface roughness, slope, and vegetation cover.
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From page 32... ...
The committee regards ~nterferomet~ as among the most compelling uses of SAR for solid earth studies (Gabriel et al., 1989; Massonnet and Fieg1, 1995; Massonnet et al., 1995; Peltzer and Rosen, 1995; Rosen et al., 1996; Treuhaft et al., 1996; Zebker et al., 1994; and Zebker et al., 19951. Because ~nterferometric SAR has demonstrated the ability to image surface deformation on the order of a miDuneter at regions scales, a suitably configured small SAR mission might permit measurement of large-scale topographic changes associated with earthquake cycles, sm~-scale topographic changes caused by volcanic inflation or deflation, lava flows, erosion, human activities, migration of mobile geologic features (e.g., sand dunes, glaciers)
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From page 33... ...
For example, for changes associated with expanding urban populations and fiche consequent conversion of land uses from rural to urban types, one of the masticators typically is "miles of road per square mile." This is one quantitative measure of expanding access to hinterlands undergoing economic change This same indicator is used for forest management to indicate the intensity of deforestation. In the lexicon of radar, land use and land cover are typically referred to In contexts such as "resource monitoring and management" (W~nokur, 1996)
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