Opportunities in Ocean Sciences Challenges on the Horizon (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Contents of Report
Contents of Report
Pages 1-5
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In this short report, the Ocean Studies Board of the National Research Council identifies some of the major research opportunities that will yield fundamental advances in ocean sciences. The Board also notes how these advances wait bring very tangible benefits to society.
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improving the Health and Productivity of Coastal Oceans The coastal ocean (estuaries, continental shelves, and the Great Lakeside represents the part of the world ocean that people most directly use, benefit from, and also affect. The coastal ocean is important for a number of economic reasons including recreation, coastal development, mineral extraction, and fisheries, and plays a critical role in national security.
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Sustaining Ocean Ecosystems for Future Generations Societies depend increasingly on living marine resources in a number of ways: as a food source; to provide new pharmaceuticals; as a resource for recreation; and as a natural means of cycling chemicals, such as nutrients, that help determine environmental health. By the same token, humans influence marine ecosystems through fish capture, pollution' eutrophication (a result of loading waters with excessive nutrients)
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A predictive capability on longer time scales will require a considerable effort for clevelopment and verification but can be expected to have considerable benefits in terms of planning intelligently for upcoming changes. 3 The E1 Nino phenomenon is related to changes in winds and currents in the equatorial Pacific Ocean that bring serious consequences for weather in the United States and elsewhere.
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The overall system can then display for anyone, on the world wide web, accurate estimates of the present state of the ocean. The information can be put to practical use for such diverse purposes as improved weather prediction, safer offshore operations, better short-term climate forecasts (e.g.
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