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Corporate Approaches to Protecting Intellectual Property Implications for U. S.-Japan High-Technology Competition: Report of a Workshop (1994) / Chapter Skim
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3. Background: IPR as a U.S.-Japan Trade Issue
Pages 6-10

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From page 6...
... Spero, "Patent Protection or Piracy A CEO Views Japan," Harvard Business Review, September/October 1990, pp. 58-67; Stephanie Epstein and James Matthew Jones, Intellectual Property at a Crossroads: Global Piracy and International Competitiveness (Arlington, Va.: Congressional Economic Leadership Institute, 1990)
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From page 7...
... More than three times as many of the responding companies were dissatisfied with their overall patent experience in Japan as compared with that in the United States and Europe. Generally, the companies surveyed were most satisfied with their patent experience in Europe through the European Patent Office (EPO)
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From page 8...
... In the United States, the PTO allows foreign language filing, charging a fee and setting a time limit for the submission of an English .
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From page 9...
... Some have asserted that, in contrast to the United States, where obtaining and enforcing intellectual property protection generally are seen to be determined by impartial administrative and judicial processes, the Japanese system allows government and industry to avoid granting patent protection to breakthrough foreign innovations. Even those who assert that this is the case believe that it happens only rarely and in new fields that Japanese industrial and technology policies have identified as critical for the nation.
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From page 10...
... Some of the objections filed by Japanese companies assert that natives of Japan suffer from a hepatitis C "different" from that found in other people. Since it is often possible to make minor changes in a recombinant protein and still retain the activity that allows its use as a diagnostic or therapeutic agent, Japanese companies may be able to market a slightly altered diagnostic to treat "Japanese" hepatitis C that would constitute infringement in the United States.9 In order to improve participation in the Japanese market, U.S.
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