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The Life Sciences Recent Progress and Application to Human Affairs The World of Biological Research Requirements for the Future (1970) / Chapter Skim
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With What Species Do Life Scientists Work?
Pages 248-251

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From page 248...
... Still others are of interest because they offer unique opportunities to study phenomena of general importance but difficult to analyze or observe in more common species. For example, the nerve net of the crab is of interest as a prototype of the more complex nervous system of the mammal; the response of certa~n Insects to sugars can serve as a model for some aspects of the physiological bases of behavior; the "alarm reaction" of the clam is highly instructive with respect to certain reflex activities; the photosynthetic properties of the chromatophores of purple bacteria and of certain algae are more readily studied than is photosynthesis in a higher plant; regulation of the genome of a bacterium serves as a model for the process of differentiation in a higher organism; and the giant axon of the squid is the favorite test object of numerous neurophysiologists.
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From page 249...
... Of the mammalia, man and the common laboratory rodents are the most frequent study objects. The great utility of the latter is indicated by the fact that, whereas ecologists and systematic biologists pay them scant heed and only 6 percent of all geneticists make use of their particular attributes, these species are utilized by 12 percent of the behavioral biologists and 37 percent of the pharmacologists.
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From page 250...
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From page 251...
... Ct _ ~ C'3~_ ~ CO Ct 4, ~ ,~ pt o~ o `:: ^-~-o _ ~ -._ Ct o~ E `,, c ~V E ~ t~, ~ c~ C Ct g C .
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Key Terms

  • living forms
  • behavioral biologists
  • biologists pay
  • complex biological
  • food chain

  • nerve net
  • human behavior
  • particular attributes
  • laboratory rodents
  • cell biology

  • species provide
  • systematic biologists
  • provide excellent
  • white rat
  • common laboratory

  • plants engage
  • scientists dealt
  • purple bacteria
  • commercial harvests
  • scientists work

  • current activities
  • human nutritional
  • photosynthetic properties
  • totally ignored
  • responses exceeded

  • test object
  • giant axon
  • plant forms
  • readily studied
  • aggregated totals


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