Assessing Vocational Education Research and Development (1976) / Chapter Skim
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3 Legislation and Funding
3 Legislation and Funding
Pages 16-27
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From page 16... ...
531) authorized the Commissioner of Education to enter into "contracts or jointly financed cooperative arrangements with universities and colleges and state educational agencies for the conduct of research, surveys, and demonstrations in the field of education." Although the Act was not funded until 1956, and then at a low level, it represented the first federal commitment to an educational R&D role broader than data collection and dissemination.
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From page 17... ...
9-10~. FEDERAL COMMITMENT TO VOCATIONAL EDUCATION R&D The Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 and the George Barden Act of 1946, which provided federal funds for vocational education, permitted support of studies and reports designed to improve the administration and management of vocational education programs, but neither provided specifically for R&D funding.
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From page 18... ...
Section 4(c) of the Vocational Education Act of 1963 reflected the Panel's concern with research: Ten per centum of the sums appropriated pursuant to section 2 for each fiscal year shall be used by the Commissioner to make grants to colleges and un~versities, and other public or nonprofit private agencies and institutions, to State boards, and with the approval of the appropriate State board, to local educational agencies, to pay part of the cost of research and training programs and of experimental, developmental, or pilot programs developed by such institutions, boards, or agencies, and designed to meet the special vocational education needs of youths, particularly youths in economically depressed communities who have academic, socio-econom~c, or other handicaps that prevent them from succeeding in the regular vocational education programs.
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From page 19... ...
of the 1963 Act provided support for vocational education R&D for fiscal 1965 through fiscal 1969. Beginning in fiscal 1970, R&D has been supported under the authority of Parts C, D, and I of the 1968 Amendments: Part C funds support research, demonstration, and curriculum development; Part D funds are used to demonstrate innovative vocational education or career education programs in school settings; and Part I funds are authorized to support curriculum development and dissemination.
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From page 20... ...
16.0 197275.0 ~16.0 197375.0 16.0 16.0 197475.0 16.0 16.0 197575.0 16.0 16.0 TOTAL$447.5 $93.0 PARTI 1969 $ 7.0 $ 0 $ 0 1970 10.0 2.0 .9 1971 10.0 ~4.0 1972 10.0 t 4.0 1973 10.0 6.0 4.0 1974 10.0 4.0 4.0 1975 10.0 4.0 1.0 TOTAL $67.0 $17.9 ~ . NOTE: During each year of Part C funding, a small number of special projects of national scope have been supported by a slim-off of the state allotments of the Com missioner's Part C funds.
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From page 21... ...
and Part C have been used to support grants and contracts for research; training programs to familiarize personnel with research results and products; developmental, experimental, or pilot programs intended to meet the special vocational needs of youth, especially disadvantaged youth; demonstration and dissemination projects; and state RCUS, which administer and sometimes conduct state research and development programs. As noted above, all of the activities specified under Parts D and I can also be conducted under Part C
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From page 22... ...
For state Part C projects, a rough classification by project titles indicates that less than 40 percent of the classifiable projects can be called research even in the broadest sense of the term. About 35 percent of the awards went to developmental projects, and the other awards supported demonstrations, evaluations, dissemination, or research coordinating unit activities.
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From page 23... ...
Legislation and Funding FISCAL 1965-FISCAL 1967 Program evaluation Curriculum experimentation Personal and social significance of work Personnel recruitment and development Program organization and administration Adult and continuing education Occupational information and career choice FISCAL 1968-FISCAL 1969 Application of manpower data to occupational education The student and his environment State and local planning techniques Instructional systems development Career development, guidance, placement, and follow-up Instructional facilities Organization and administration Research and development centers Evaluation FISCAL 1971 Same as fiscal 1968 and fiscal 1969, excluding R&D Centers FISCAL 1972-FISCAL 1973 Career education with a strong guidance and counseling component FISCAL 1 974 Curriculum studies Disadvantaged, handicapped and minorities Alternative work experience programs Guidance, counseling, placement and student follow-up Manpower information and system for education FISCAL 1 975 Administration of vocational education at the state level Administration of vocational education at the local level ~3
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From page 24... ...
In an attempt to assist the states with the development and implementation of local career education programs, in fiscal 1972 and fiscal 1973 the Commissioner turned over to the states $9 million of the Commissioner's share for the purpose of establishing a career education site in each state. Part D The 1968 Amendments authorize Part D funds to support exemplary, pilot, and demonstration projects at elementary and secondary school levels.
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From page 25... ...
Part I Part I funds are used to promote the development and dissemination of vocational education curriculum materials, to develop standards for curriculum development, to coordinate state efforts and prepare current lists of available materials, to survey curriculum materials produced by other government agencies, to evaluate materials and their uses, and to train personnel in curriculum development. Nearly all of the Part I money has been spent on curriculum development and dissemination.
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From page 26... ...
In 1972 the Office of Education developed 15 occupational clusters to guide curriculum development: agribusiness and natural resources, business and office, communications and media, construction, consumer and homemaking, environment, fine arts and humanities, health, manufacturing, marine science, marketing and distribution, personal services, public service, recreation and hospitality, and transportation. This represented a significant shift from the more traditional notion of seven primary vocational education areas: agriculture, distributive education, health occupations, home economics, office occupations, technical education, and trade and industrial occupations.
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From page 27... ...
It should be noted that many of the data that would have helped this Committee describe the vocational education R&D program were not available. For example, only project titles, name of grantee or contractor, and amount of award were available for state Part C projects: even short abstracts of the projects could not be obtained.
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