Impact of Advances in Computing and Communications Technologies on Chemical Science and Technology Report of a Workshop (1999) / Chapter Skim
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9 Collaboratories: Building Electronic Scientific Communities
9 Collaboratories: Building Electronic Scientific Communities
Pages 125-140
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From page 125... ...
is often used to refer to a set of technolo gies, perhaps the most significant impact of collaboratories will be the generation of new opportunities to create and sustain active scientific communities. The development and adoption of electronic collaboration capabilities will provide geographically distributed research teams with greater abilities for the organization, close-knit interaction, and rapid response, needed to address increasingly challenging research problems.
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_ . OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATORIES There are a number of arenas that are fertile ground for the development of collaboratories, particularly among scientific user facilities and institutes that provide unique and specialized resources to the scientific community.
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(~l _^ ~ ~ ~ vend ~ Pro- rearm ~ ~ ^ A I research by a broad community of qualified users."3 National scientific user facilities make unique research resources available to DOE scientists and researchers from academia, industry and other federal laboratories, and provide opportunities needed to educate and recruit young scientists to meet the demanding challenges of the future. Figure 9.1 shows 19 of the DOE scientific user facilities most often used for chemical, biological, and materials research.
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Three of them provide good examples of the diversity and impact of collaboratories on the chemical and materials sciences: the Diesel Combustion Collaboratory,9 the Materials Microcharacterization Collaboratory and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Collaborator. The Diesel Combustion Collaboratory (DCC)
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The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) is DOE's newest user facility, located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
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"A Database Approach to Data Archive Management," Proceedings of the First IEEE Metadata Conference, IEEE Computer Society Mass Storage Systems and Technology Technical Committee, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, Calif.,1996. See the Virtual NMR Facility Web site at |
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. Electronic Laboratory Notebooks Traditionally, the primary record of the scientific process has been the ubiquitous laboratory notebook.
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CENSA, the Collaborative Electronic Notebook Systems Association, is an industrial consortium promoting the development of commercial electronic notebook systems, with a large fraction of its partners from chemical and pharmaceutical companies. CENSA aims to more rapidly advance the state of the art in electronic record keeping in ways suitable to large-scale deployment and preservation of intellectual property.
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Myers, "The EMSL TeleViewer: A Collaborative Shared Computer Display," Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaboration Enterprises (WET ICE'96J, pp. 16-20, IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, Calif., 1996.
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PRE defines how CORBA can be used to connect distributed design tools, databases, files, directory services, and user interfaces. Many collaborative tool developers are moving to CORBA to address interoperability requirements from a standards basis.
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To succeed, chemical science collaboratories need to be developed by multidisciplinary partnerships of chemists and computer scientists.29 Collaboratories are not off-the-shelf products; within chemistry, each domain has particular 29"National High Field Magnetic Resonance Collaboratorium," a report to the Committee for High Field NMR: A New Millennium Resource, published by the National High Field Magnet Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, August 1998.
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A portion of the research was performed at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the
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A number of places have found reasonable success in point-to-point security by using extant tools like SecureShell and virtual private networks, but the virtual private networks are not trivial to set up and administer, and so it is not a technology that I would advocate, except perhaps for cases where the secure interactions are fairly static, as between one institution and another. William Winter, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse: I have two questions.
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