Transnational Organized Crime Summary of a Workshop (1999) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 1-6
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in particular, there is unease about the potential ability of foreigners to ma nipulate funds for criminal purposes within the Unitecl States. The end of the cold war has contributecl, in a number of ways, to this economic inte gration ancl the growth of opportunities for illicit transactions across bor clers (Winer, 1997b)
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NIT recently has strengthened its links with the international community in important ways: through membership in a worldwide network of criminological institutes affiliated with the United Nations (UN) ; through its participation in the development of the United Nations Criminal Justice Information Network; through initiation of the United Nations Online Justice Clearinghouse, an Internet-based system electronically linking the institutes to the UN network; and by establishing a new International Center within NIJ.
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Use of traditional investigative methods, such as intelligence gathering and the use of informants, appears inadequate to the task. The overarching purpose of the workshop was to determine whether transnational crime is a persistent and measurable phenomenon that merits its own research attention, and whether an agenda for systematic domestic and international research on it could be developed.
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An emphasis was placed on activities in two countries, Mexico and Russia, that were considered particularly important because their organized crime problems have significant domestic and foreign policy consequences for the United States. Four prominent scholars agreed to write papers, which served as focal points for discussion.
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Third, many transnational crime problems unrelated to terrorism are arising in Western Europe and in the emerging democracies of Eastern Europe, and these crimes are having both direct and indirect effects in the United States. These crime problems also are of interest because of their impact on new law enforcement infrastructures being developed in these countries.
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In addition, as the discussion of measurement illustrates, deriving a research definition was constrained by the fact that, with the exception of drug trafficking, there are no major datasets on transnational crime, such as survey or longitudinal data, and virtually no data sources independent of operations. At the current stage of research development, data can come only from investigations or litigation, and through case studies and observational studies.
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