Biographical Memoirs Volume 75 (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider
Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider
Pages 190-213
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Go' He - ..~_ ~ oo A o o I En o .-~ Q Q o o
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1915, in St. Louis, Missouri, the only son of Joseph Parron Licklicler, a Baptist minister, and Margaret Robnett Licklider.
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a research associate appointment at Swarthmore for the 1941-42 academic year to work on a relater! research topic, however, his stay at Swarthmore was cut short by WorIc!
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Since infinite peak clipping of a wave form preserves only the zero crossings of the wave form (the points where it switches from a negative to a positive value en c! vice versa)
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Green, George Miller and John Swets, presently members of the Psychology Section of the National Academy of Sciences, with the goal of forming a new department, a goal that for various reasons he was unable to achieve. Lick's publications while at MIT show a raclical shift of his research towarc!
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out, however, that analog computers were not flexible enough to help him in his theory-builcling effort:4 "I hac! a big analog computer lab, because I was mocleling brain stuff, en c!
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to specify to the computer particular locations on the image displayed. Thus, Lick's first close encounter with a powerful cligital computer was with one with a visual clisplay en c!
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The new computer laboratory, more accessible en c! informal than the MIT Computation Center, became a Mecca for faculty en c!
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Gardner, a dentist, consisted of playing music in the earphones of the patient, follower! by white noise at the onset of pain, with the sounc!
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the experimental evidence against which the moclel has to be vaTiciatecI. Another remark macle in the paper worth mentioning for future reference is that the clevelopment of an appropriate model proved to be very time consuming, because neither the cligital computer nor the analog computer employoc!
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the research program that Lick launched in 1962 when he became the first director of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) of the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense.
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in 1958 as president of the Acoustical Society of America en c! in 1960 as president of the Society of Engineering Psychologists.
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The behavioral sciences part of his charter clisappearec! very soon because the behavioral scientists for whom the institute had been proposed were not interested in it.4 Thus, his office became simply the Information Processing Techniques Office, or IPTO for short.
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He spoke with his usual enthusiasm whenever he had a chance about the virtues of man-computer interaction and his excitement proved contagious. He infected me with his enthusiasm so quickly that a tentative agreement with MIT to organize Project MAC, of which I became the first director, was reached in early November, and a formal proposal was on his desk by mid-{anuary 1963.
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iclea to start Project MAC with a summer study with participants from major computer research laboratories. There were many meetings en c!
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a permanent appointment in the Electrical Engineering Department en c! from 1968 to 1970 servec!
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by researchers with moclerate computer skills to investigate the behavior of a variety of models with little programming required on their part. Of course, users were to interact with the computer system mostly through visual clisplays with light pens or similar input crevices.
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psychoacoustics colleagues en c! friends Irwin PolIack, Karl Kryter, George Miller, John Swets, en c!
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motivations, I came to the conclusion that he was first en c! foremost a psychologist throughout his professional life.
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to Karl Kryter, Lick's closest friend, best man, and fellow graduate student at Rochester for information about Lick's doctoral research, for suggesting a paragraph about it, and for providing the two references to it that were not incluclec! in Lick's publication list.
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Finally, I wish to express my creep gratitude to Peter Elias, Karl Kryter, George Miller, Irwin PolIack, John Swets, en c! Albert Vezza, all of them Lick's former colleagues en c!
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61: 1-20. The influence of interaural phase relations upon the masking of speech by white noise.
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1965 Periodicity pitch and related auditory process models.
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JOSEPH C ARL ROBNETT LICKLIDER 213 1978 With A Vezza.
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