Biographical Memoirs Volume 77 (1999) / Chapter Skim
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John Gamble Kirkwood
John Gamble Kirkwood
Pages 162-175
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by the National Academy of Sciences. John Gamble Kirkwooc!
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In his classic 1939 paper "The Dielectric Polarization of Polar Liquids," he introclucec! for the first time the concept of orientational correlations for neigh
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initiates! then what was to become a lifelong research interest in ionic solutions, ultimately producing studies of the structure of concentratec!
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in 1936 by the American Chemical Society Awarc! in Pure Chemistry, which at the time was caller!
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, explaining the clielectric loss mechanisms in polar polymers, en c! was a natural extension of his prior studies of the clielectric properties of polar fluids.
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A key element in this work was the concept of time-averaged molecular distribution functions and their dynamical equations, this was envisaged as a necessary component of any theory that was consistent with physical measurement protocols, and was inextricably connected to irreversibility. While subsequent studies have revealed the necessity of refinements to this point of view, it nevertheless provided a powerful technique for the deeper understanding of Brownian motion, of the Boltzmann and Enskog equations for gas-phase kinetics, and of the viscosity, thermal conductivity, and heat of transport coefficients in pure liquids.
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The first of these theories is one of a tiny group of exact representations of the properties of mixtures in terms of molecular distribution functions en c! molecular interactions.
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Memorial Symposium appear in the November 1960 issue of the Journal of Chemical Physics, with an historical introduction by George Scatchard (NAS, 1946~. Since 1962, the Yale University chemistry department en c!
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Margaret Philipsborn and Tudge Platonia Kaldes for kindly sharing reminiscences of their brother and husband, respectively.
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Das Verhalten von Zwitterionen und von mehrwertigen Ionen mit welt entfernten Ladungen in Electrolytlosungen. Physik.
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Radial distribution functions and the equation of state of a fluid composed of rigid spherical molecules.
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The statistical mechanical theory of molecular distribution functions in liquids. Faraday Soc.
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